A 68 nucleotide segment of the light neurofilament (NF-L) mRNA, spanning the translation termination signal, participates in regulating the stability of the transcript in vivo. Aldolases A and C, but not B, interact specifically with this segment of the transcript in vitro. Aldolases A and C are glycolytic enzymes expressed in neural cells, and their mRNA binding activity represents a novel fun...

This review is focused on advances over the last several years in the application of aldolases to organic synthesis. Several new technologies have been implemented to increase the scope and practicality of aldolases as tools for the synthetic chemist. These include directed evolution, discovery of new classes of aldolases in nature and the laboratory, and substrate and reaction engineering.

Immunochemical studies using polyclonal antisera prepared individually against highly purified cytosolic and chloroplast spinach leaf (Spinacia oleracea) fructose bisphosphate aldolases showed significant cross reaction between both forms of spinach aldolase and their heterologous antisera. The individual cross reactions were estimated to be approximately 50% in both cases under conditions of a...

Variant chloroplast fructose 1,6-diphosphate aldolases were found in Pisum sativum when 10 commercial varieties were examined for electrophoretically distinct species of chloroplast triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglyceric acid kinase, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and aldolase. When reciprocal crosses are made, both aldolases appear in individuals in the F(1) generation. Backcro...

OH OH Two main classes of aldolases are found in Nature. Type I aldolases activate the nucleophilic partner by forming an imine as an intermediate; this type of enzyme is found in animals and higher plants. Type II aldolases occur in microorganisms and they require R 2 to be a hydroxy group. These enzymes feature a Zn 2+ ion that promotes the reaction by forming a chelate with both the carbonyl...

Class I and class II aldolases are products of two evolutionary non-related gene families. The cytosol and chloroplast enzymes of higher plants are of the class I type, the latter being bifunctional for fructose-1,6- and sedoheptulose-1,7-P2 in the Calvin cycle. Recently, class II aldolases were detected for the cytosol and chloroplasts of the lower alga Cyanophora paradoxa. The respective chlo...

Cellular and subcellular immunolocalization of aldose isozymes and alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) was performed in rat liver during the different stages of carcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. During the early stages, double-labelling experiments showed that oval and transitional cells that expressed foetal aldolases did not contain adult aldolase B; this isozyme was only fo...

Two new genes whose products are involved in biodegradation of the organic solvent tetralin were identified. These genes, designated thnE and thnF, are located downstream of the previously identified thnD gene and code for a hydratase and an aldolase, respectively. A sequence comparison of enzymes similar to ThnE showed the significant similarity of hydratases involved in biodegradation pathway...

Malaria-specific rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting aldolase show highly variable sensitivities. We assessed diversity in Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax aldolases by sequencing the coding genes from parasites of various origins. The results show that aldolases are highly conserved, indicating that antigenic diversity is not a cause of variable RDT sensitivity.

Aldolases are seen as an attractive route to the production of biologically important compounds due to their ability to form carbon-carbon bonds. However, for many industrial reactions there are no naturally occurring enzymes, and so many different engineering approaches have been used to address this problem. Engineering methods have been used to alter the stability, substrate specificity and ...