Phthalate esters are endocrine disrupters or mutagens. They are widely used as plasticizers and can be usually found in environmental samples, such as food, soil and polluted air. However, it is difficult to directly determine phthalate esters owing to their relatively low concentration and complex matrices. Therefore, preconcentration and separation have become increasingly important. In recen...

an air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction method for the extraction and preconcentration of trace amounts of some synthetic phenolic antioxidants in biological fluids followed by their determination by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection has been reported. in this method the target analytes are extracted into a few microliters of carbon tetrachloride (extraction solvent) from an a...

the dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (dllme) method for determination of pb +2 and cd +2 ions in the environmental water samples was combined with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (icp-aes). ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (apdc), chloroform and ethanol were used as chelating agent, extraction solvent and disperser solvent, respectively. some effective parame...

a very simple, rapid and sensitive dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (dllme) followed by gas chromatography and flame ionization detection (gc-fid) was developed for the determination of phenol and carvacrol in honey samples. a mixture of 100 µl dichloromethane (extraction solvent) and 0.5 ml acetonitrile (disperser solvent) was rapidly injected into sample solution. thereby a cloudy sol...

an efficient dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using tetraalkylammonium bromide coated silver nanoparticles (dllme-agnps) prepared in chloroform has been successfully applied as electrostatic affinity probes to the microextraction and preconcentration of terazosin prior to spectrofluorimetry analysis. this technique is based on a ternary system of solvents, where appropriate amount of mi...

a simple and rapid microextraction procedure based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (dllme) was developed for determination and speciation of trace amounts of chromium (cr) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (faas). in the proposed approach, chloroform and methanol were used as extraction and dispersive solvents. a new schiff's base ligand, bis(2-methoxy benzaldehyde) ethylene d...

a simple, rapid and efficient dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction by use of ionic liquid (il-dllme)method, followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (faas) was developed for the preconcentrationand determination of palladium in water samples. in this method, an appropriate mixture of acetone and octylmethyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate was injected rapidly into the aqueous sample...

background and objectives: furfural (f) and hydroxymethyl furfural (hmf) are cyclic aldehydes, which are formed during the heat processing of foods. these chemical contaminants have received much attention due to their suspected health hazards and heat damage indicators. the aim of the present study was extraction and determination of f and hmf in baby-foods using dispersive liquid-liquid micro...

dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (dllme) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (hplc-uv) was used to determine thiamine (b1), nicotinamide (b3) and pyridoxine (b6) in sour cherry juice. this method was rapid, simple and sensitive. separation was accomplished using a c18 column. the optimum chromatographic conditions were found to be: mobile ph...