in spite of the development of various improved cultivars of maize, yield in nigeria has continued to be hampered by the over cropped nature of most farmlands as well as a wide range of pests and diseases. this study therefore carried out an analysis of agro-chemical inputs’ use in maize production among small scale farmers in iwo local government area of osun state. specifically, the study inv...

In practice, agricultural films must withstand high solar radiation, high temperature in use, mechanical stresses on the film (e.g., film tension across supports, wind), and most importantly, the antagonistic effects of agro-chemicals (pesticides, insecticides, fumigants, soil disinfectants, etc.) on the performance of the UV light stabilizers protecting the film. With pesticide usage, especial...

Highly hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), like pyrethroids, adsorb strongly to eroded soil and suspended sediment. Therefore, total suspended solids (TSS) concentration in the water column of receiving waters is important for determining the proportion of chemical in the sediment-sorbed vs. the dissolved (bioavailable) state. However, most current regulatory exposure models, such as the Expo...

Small-scale agro-based pulp and paper mills are characterized as highly polluting industries. These mills use Kraft pulping process for paper manufacturing due to which toxic lignified chemicals are released into the environment. Lack of infrastructure, technical manpower, and research and development facilities restricts these mills to recover these chemicals. Therefore, the chemical oxygen de...

Lignocellulosic agricultural byproducts are a copious and cheap source for cellulose fibers. Agro-based biofibers have the composition, properties and structure that make them suitable for uses such as composite, textile, pulp and paper manufacture. In addition, biofibers can also be used to produce fuel, chemicals, enzymes and food. Byproducts produced from the cultivation of corn, wheat, rice...

In spite of the development of various improved cultivars of maize, yield in Nigeria has continued to be hampered by the over cropped nature of most farmlands as well as a wide range of pests and diseases. This study therefore carried out an analysis of agro-chemical inputs’ use in maize production among small scale farmers in Iwo Local Government Area of Osun State. Specifically, the study inv...

This paper highlights on the increasing fears that chemicals in agriculture have found their way into drinking water causing health complications. In fact many chemicals have not had these effects but waiting to do so by moving into groundwater sinking slowly and finally going into taps. Nitrate fertilizer is largely blamed for these fears. Use of fertilizers obviously would increase manifold t...

Cashew nut shells (CNS), which are agro wastes from cashew nut processing factories, have proven to be among the most versatile bio-based renewable materials in the search for functional materials and chemicals from renewable resources. CNS are produced in the cashew nut processing process as waste, but they contain cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) up to about 30-35 wt. % of the nut shell weight ...

Insects are powerful and rapid adaptive organisms with high fecundity rate and short life cycle. Due to human interruption in agro-ecosystem and global climatic variations are disturbing the insect ecosystem. Erosion of natural habitats, urbanization, pollution and use of chemicals in agroecosystem manifold the intensity of environmental variations. Both a-biotic (temperature, humidity, light) ...