Carica papaya L. seeds have been used for decades in parts of Asia and South America as a vermifugal agent (ADEBIYI; GANESAN ADAIKAN; PRASAD, 2003). In addition, papaya seed preparations have been used in folk medicine due to its abortive properties and to favor a good menstrual flow (RAO; JAMIR, 1982). Apart from these uses, since papaya seeds have a spicy flavor, they are used to adulterate b...

Necrotising fasciitis can be life threatening, requiring prompt diagnosis and surgical debridement. We report a case of necrotising fasciitis caused by an adulterate traditional Asian medication--Jamu Pegal Linu, containing toxic levels of phenylbutazone and dipyrone. The patient presented with severe neutropenia and sepsis. An urgent extensive debridement was carried out (within 6 hours of pre...

objective: in recent years the use of herbal slimming supplements has increased in iran. one problem may be the illegal inclusion of synthetic drugs by some manufacturers in these products. the aim of this study is to determine four undeclared synthetic adulterants in some herbal slimming products present in the iranian market. methods: this survey studyresearched six common herbal slimming sup...

In contemporary literary theory, Plato is often cited as the original repudiator of truth, and Aristotle he who set down that literature “imitation,” thus himself involuntarily banning from truth. This essay argues these interpretations adulterate arguments Aristotle, both believed in We—literary theorists philosophers literature—should recognize this rethink our interpretation ancient texts. w...

QuEChERS sample preparation was optimized using solvent extraction with acetonitrile and dispersive-solid phase extraction with primary and secondary amine sorbents, and validated for high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of nine steroids commonly used to adulterate herbal medicines: such as triamcinolone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone, dexameth...

Adding detergent to urine intended for drug testing is one of many ways to adulterate the specimen. This modified methylene blue procedure allows the detection and quantitation of anionic surfactants in urine. One-hundred urine specimens that exhibited normal foaming when shaken gave anionic surfactant values lower than 36 microg/mL with a mean of 8.73 microg/mL. Most of the suspected adulterat...

The authentication of extra virgin olive oil and its adulteration with lower-priced oils are serious problems in the olive oil industry. In addition to the obvious effect on producer profits, adulteration can also cause severe health and safety problems. A number of techniques, including chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, have recently been employed to assess the purity of olive oils. I...

In reengineering, up-to-date architecture models are important artifacts to get an overview of a system and to plan and execute the necessary reengineering activities. If such models do not exist, software architecture reconstruction (SAR) techniques can be used to recover them from the system’s source code. However, design deficiencies like Interface Violations can influence the architecture r...

Media constantly refer of unscrupulous producers that adulterate, alter or replace premium products in food chains with the goal to maximize illegally profits. Food traceability is a central issue for the identification of improper labeling of processed food and feed and there are rules aimed to protect consumers and producers against fraudulent substitution of quality products in food chain, b...

Clean and drinkable water is a big challenge in 21st century. A variety of organometallic compounds have been utilized by human being for rapid civilization modernization. These hazardous waste discharges from the industries directly mixed with environment especially reservoir adulterate water, which responsible many contagious diseases. To vanquish this issue we needed an eco-friendly, safe, c...