background medication is one of the supplementary steps in dental treatment. dentists prescribe medicine in order to avoid post-surgery complications. to the best knowledge of the researchers, no thorough study has been carried out to review the prescribed drugs in fars province, iran. objectives the current study aimed to determine the current status of the issue and compare it with global sta...

background inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ith) is one of the common causes of nasal obstruction. in some case with ith due to allergic rhinitis medical therapy can be useful and in cases with refractory ith surgical techniques may be helpful. although there is no excellence [or superiority] among these surgical methods, radiofrequency (rf) has recently become popular. objectives this study com...

The adrenal cortex plays a key role in the regulation of metabolism, salt and water homeostasis sex differentiation by synthesizing glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid androgen hormones. Evidence exists that angiotensin II regulates adrenocortical function it has been contended peptides non-canonical branch renin system (RAS) might also modulate steroidogenesis adrenals. Thus, aim this review is ...

Background & Aims: Changing the hormonal output of endocrine glands, diabetes leads to the occurrence of secondary metabolic disorders. Neuropathy, on the other hand, is the most common neurological complication of diabetes which affects the neuroendocrine system, in addition to peripheral and autonomic nervous system, contributing to exacerbation of disease severity. In this line, the present ...

The adrenal glands are comprised of two distinct endocrine organs: the outer cortex, which is derived from mesoderm and synthesizes steroid hormones, and the inner medulla, which contains neuroectodermal cells derived from the neural crest and produces the catecholamine hormones norepinephrine and epinephrine. The developmental program that gives rise to the adrenal gland begins early during em...

It has been demonstrated that adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates isolated, perfused adrenal glands (1) and adrenocortical tissue slices (2, 3) to release increased quantities of corticosteroid hormones. These findings are in accord with the well established fact that ACTH in tivo causes the adrenal cortex to secrete increased quantities of the adrenal steroid hormones. The present wo...

The evidence of the literature indicates that the adrenal cortex produces a variety of hormones, some of which, like desoxycorticosterone, act predominantly to maintain a normal water and electrolyte balance (1), while others, like corticosterone, are effective chiefly through preventing hypoglycemia, either by facilitating the formation of sugar from protein (gluconeogenesis) (2) or by inhibit...

In the present work we demonstrate our summarized data about the influence of various hormones on the morphology and steroidogenic enzyme activity of the steroid hormone producing cells in the rat adrenal cortex and testis, by in vivo and in vitro conditions. The influence of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), dexamethasone, oxytocyn and progesterone on the adrenal cortex cells and the Leydig ...

Testosterone enanthate (TE) is used by many athletes as a muscle builder. Previous studies showed that high concentration of the drug in plasma may affect the natural function of endocrine glands, specially the secretion of the adrenocortical hormones. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of high concentration of TE on histometrical structure of adrenal cortex in male r...