abstract evapotranspiration (et) is one of the most important components of the water balance, it is also one of the most difficult to measure. despite the importance of et, methods to obtain values of et are still limited. conventional methods are very local, ranging from point to field scale. estimates of the et over the entire area, especially for irrigated areas, are essential, as these can...

the greatest limitations to agricultural development and production in iran are scarcity of water resources, ineffective irrigation scheduling and wasteful water usage. avenues discussed for optimum water use include improving water productivity by improving irrigation scheduling, farm water management and water profitability. the present study evaluated current water use and ways to improve wi...

The improvement of irrigation systems in the Nile Delta is one of the most important attempts in Egypt to implement more effective irrigation technology by improving the existing irrigation networks. Demand delivery system in the existing irrigation network is using of mechanical gates structures to automatically divert water from one portion of an agricultural field to another in the desired a...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of a sonic device (Vibringe), syringe irrigation, and passive ultrasonic irrigation in the removal of debris from simulated root canal irregularities. METHODS Root canals with 2 standardized grooves in the apical and coronal parts were filled with dentin debris. Three different irrigation procedures were performed with NaOCl (1%...

Site-specific irrigation is defined as delivering different prescribed depths of water to specific areas in irrigated fields. Since the 1990s, site-specific irrigation research has been expanded to include the delivery of water and nutrients to specific field areas based on soil type, soil moisture status, crop needs, and other user-defined objectives. A site-specific center pivot irrigation sy...

Objectives/Goals An enormous amount of real-time information that is available on the Internet can be accessed and used in traditional control systems to improve performance. The objective of this project is to design and build an autonomous control system that manages an irrigation system to save water using Internet-obtained weather forecasts and local-obtained rainwater level information. Me...

A fuzzy control irrigation system for cotton field is presented in this paper. The system is composed of host computer, slave computer controller, communication module, soil water sensors, valve controllers, and system software. A fuzzy control model is constructed to control the irrigation time and irrigation quantity for cotton filed. According to the water-required rules of different cotton ...