BACKGROUND Fractionated ablative laser resurfacing has become a widely used treatment modality. Its clinical results are often found to approach those of traditional fully ablative laser resurfacing. OBJECTIVE To directly compare the molecular changes that result from fractionated and fully ablative carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser resurfacing in photodamaged human skin. METHODS AND MATERIALS P...

BACKGROUND Transepidermal drug delivery (TED) is a new potential method in dermatology. Permeability alterations induced by ablative fractional resurfacing have been described with the aim to increasing the delivery of different substances into the skin. OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical response and side effects of TED in areata alopecia (AA) treatment using ablative fractional methods associat...

PURPOSE This « in-vitro » study had two specific aims: the first, to test using a universal testing machine whether sub-ablative Er:YAG laser irradiation prior to acid etching is effective in orthodontic bracket bonding and secondly using micro-hardness measurements and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations to investigate the effectiveness of de-mineralization reduction in enamel trea...

Numerical meshes of both cork and carbon fibre ablative materials in their virgin and pyrolised states, with realistic porosity and tortuosity, have been created from micro-computed tomography (μCT) scans. The porosity of each material has been calculated from the μCT scans and used to extract smaller representative sample volumes to perform numerical simulations on. Direct simulation Monte Car...