With great interest, I read Kompanje’s (2006) clinical case report about a remarkable penis-shortening device invented in 1593 by the surgeon Hildanus. With this letter, I want to point your readers to an even older description of a similar device—not by a medical scholar, but by the great Persian humanist, philosopher, and poet Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Rumi (1207–1273). In his poem, ‘‘The Importa...

abd allah b.sa’d, believed in islam and for a short time recorded divine revelations; but then he lost his faith. historical studies prove that his apostasy has no relation to writing celestial words. but story-writers who often lack an analytical mind, perhaps credulously or tendentiously connect his blaspheme to the act of recording sacred verses. these unfounded stories have entered history ...

One prominent aspect in Persian literature that distinguishes it from the literatures of other nations is the inclusive religious tone of this literature, especially from the tenth century (C.E.) onward. Divine messages heard from the tongues of the prophets of the Abrahamic religions are featured in Persian poetry. The poets and writers of Persian literature have given a prominent place to a n...

AbstractCharacter education is all efforts to direct, train, and foster good values grow a wise personality positively contribute the environment broader society. Character can also be conveyed through dance movements, costumes, musical accompaniment. The purpose of this study describe character in Sufi Dance. This used qualitative research method, object being Dance at Maulana Rumi Sewon Islam...

L-System is a parallel rewriting system and a type of formal grammar, which was introduced to be used in describing the behavior of plant cells, modeling the growth processes of plant development, the morphology of organisms, and generating self-similar fractals. The mentioned applications lie in the field of pattern formation. However, to the best of our knowledge, visual forming of a language...

Doris Lessing, the Persian-born, African-raised and London-residing novelist enjoys a writing career which has spanned more than 50 years. Critics have labeled her as Marxist, feminist, Sufist and even psycho-analyst. It is my contention to prove that latent Sufi characteristics are inherent in her works, and this premise marks a difference between my study and other research on Lessing. To pro...

a considerable part of persian classical literature is devoted to didactic literature. mysticism has also been very important in persian didactic literature and sufi tales are clear example of that; since all these tales have been used for the purpose of teaching. attar, one of the greatest persian poets, has paid lots of attention to these tales and has benefited them a lot in his works. attar...