نتایج جستجو برای: Discounting
تعداد نتایج: 4926 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Letter of Credit is an international payment instrument whereby the issuing bank undertakes to pay the beneficiary, against presentation of certain stipulated documents, according to the conditions of the Letter of Credit. Discounting of LC for the short-term financing of the seller, due to the independent and irrevocable undertaking of the bank to make payment, is prevalent. Beneficiary gets t...
Sales promotion is important issue in most of sales and distribution companies and finding the most appropriate strategy for this subject is marketers’ challenge. Discounting (offering) is one of sales promotion strategies. Using the fixed and constant discounting strategy for all customers and on all goods reduces chance for success. Discounting strategy needs a model for providing best ...
There is a long tradition in economics about the question of whether intergenerational discounting is fair or not. Ramsey (1928) was the first economist that criticized the discounting and mentioned that the just rate of discounting is zero. In this paper it was tried to calculate the just rate of discounting for Iran with respect to Islamic thoughts. According to Islam, intergenerational just...
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of delayed discounting model of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on delayed reward discounting, impulsivity, and sensation seeking in individuals with substance use disorders. Method: This study was a semi-experimental research conducted in the form of pretest-posttest and follow-up stage with control group. The statistica...
Children with ADHD symptoms prefer smaller and immediate gain rather than bigger and long-term ones. This problem would result in impulsive behaviors and decision making. The aim of this study was to show the effect of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on DLPFC and VMPFC on Improvement of delay discounting in children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Symptoms.In this study...
AbstractIntroduction: Delay discounting (DD) means prefering small immediate rewards to large delayed rewards. This study was to assess delay discounting and the correlation of our findings with that of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI).Method: In a cross-sectional study, DD and time perspective were investigated in 93 medical interns by means of a computer software and ZTPI. In d...
Background: A wide array of Socioeconomic Status (SES) indicators show differential effects for the members of diverse social groups. Researchers know a little about the ethnic variation and the effects of family income on delay discounting which is the predictor of risk behaviors. Objectives: This study examined the effect of family income and its differences on delayed gratification between ...
Abstract Discounting future costs and rewards is a common practice in accounting, game theory machine learning. In spite of this, existing logics for reasoning about strategies with cost resource constraints do not account discounting. The article proposes sound complete logical system budget-constrained strategic abilities that incorporates discounting into its semantics.
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are associated with increased discounting of delayed rewards and reduced executive working memory (eWM) capacity. This association is amplified when comorbid with antisocial psychopathology (AP). Furthermore, recent studies suggest that reduced WM capacity is associated with disinhibited decisions reflected by increased impulsive decision making on the de...
there is a long tradition in economics about the question of whether intergenerational discounting is fair or not. ramsey (1928) was the first economist that criticized the discounting and mentioned that the just rate of discounting is zero. in this paper it was tried to calculate the just rate of discounting for iran with respect to islamic thoughts. according to islam, intergenerational just...
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