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Forestland application of poultry manure offers an alternative to the conventional practice of pastureland application. Before such a practice is considered viable, however, it must be demonstrated that the forest ecosystem is capable of absorbing the nutrients contained in poultry manure, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). From the forestry perspective, it must also be demonstrated th...
We studied solvent-free, one-step functionalization of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNTs) using initiated chemical vapor deposition. Aligned MWNTs with a variety of aspect ratios were uniformly functionalized with an epoxy polymer. The vapor deposition process allowed excellent retention of the nanotube alignment and control of the porosity of the resultant MWNT nanostructure. In addi...
Introduction Cardiac excitation–contraction coupling is a transduction cascade that results in muscle contraction and relaxation. In ventricular myocytes, the arrival of an action potential activates sarcolemmal L-type Ca channels, and the subsequent inward Ca current, in turn, activates several RyRs in the SR membrane (the Ca release unit [CRU]). Activation of a CRU causes more Ca to be releas...
Agonists of GPR40 (FFA1) have been proposed as a means to treat type 2 diabetes. Through lead optimization of a high throughput screening hit, we have identified a novel GPR40 agonist called AMG 837. The objective of these studies was to understand the preclinical pharmacological properties of AMG 837. The activity of AMG 837 on GPR40 was characterized through GTPγS binding, inositol phosphate ...
We identified a mutation in Aats-gly (also known as gars or glycyl-tRNA synthetase), the Drosophila melanogaster ortholog of the human GARS gene that is associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 2D (CMT2D), from a mosaic genetic screen. Loss of gars in Drosophila neurons preferentially affects the elaboration and stability of terminal arborization of axons and dendrites. The human and...
Light-sensitive ‘caged’ molecules provide a means of rapidly and noninvasively manipulating biochemical signals with submicron spatial resolution. Here we describe a new optical system for rapid uncaging in arbitrary patterns to emulate complex neural activity. This system uses TeO2 acousto-optical deflectors to steer an ultraviolet beam rapidly and can uncage at over 20,000 locations per secon...
Introduction Cardiac excitation–contraction coupling is a transduction cascade that results in muscle contraction and relaxation. In ventricular myocytes, the arrival of an action potential activates sarcolemmal L-type Ca channels, and the subsequent inward Ca current, in turn, activates several RyRs in the SR membrane (the Ca release unit [CRU]). Activation of a CRU causes more Ca to be releas...
Introduction Cardiac excitation–contraction coupling is a transduction cascade that results in muscle contraction and relaxation. In ventricular myocytes, the arrival of an action potential activates sarcolemmal L-type Ca channels, and the subsequent inward Ca current, in turn, activates several RyRs in the SR membrane (the Ca release unit [CRU]). Activation of a CRU causes more Ca to be releas...
Alzheimer’s disease constitutes a rising threat to public health. Despite extensive research in cellular and animal models, identifying the pathogenic agent present in the human brain and showing that it confers key features of Alzheimer’s disease has not been achieved. We extracted soluble amyloid-b protein (Ab) oligomers directly from the cerebral cortex of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease. ...
Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is one of the most promising therapies used in neonates, but there is little information available about its effect on the developing brain. We explored the effects of both iNO and endogenous NO on developing white matter in rodents. Rat or mouse pups and their mothers were placed in a chamber containing 5 to 20 ppm of NO for 7 days after birth. Neonatal exposure to i...
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