in this research, for synchronization analysis of black sea high pressure with daily precipitation in iran data base have been created with using the sea level pressure data in reanalysis ii database in national centers for environmental prediction(ncep)/national center for atmospheric research(ncar). temporal resolution of data is daily and spatial resolution is 2.5 㗠2.5 degrees of arc. fram...

Anopheles (Cellia) maculatus Theobald is a major malaria vector in southern Thailand and peninsular Malaysia, and previous population genetic studies suggested that mountain ranges act as barriers to gene flow. In this study, we examine the genetic variance among 12 collections of natural populations in southern Thailand by analyzing 7 microsatellite loci. Based on analysis of molecular varianc...

INTRODUCTION We estimated the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in 3 large geographic areas in the southern, middle, and northern United States. METHODS The primary data source was medical records from office visits to private neurologists' practices or to neurology departments in tertiary care facilities during a 3-year period. Additional data sources included patient advocacy groups, nu...

A rapid increase in greenhouse gas levels is thought to have fueled global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Foraminiferal magnesium/calcium ratios indicate that bottom waters warmed by 4 degrees to 5 degrees C, similar to tropical and subtropical surface ocean waters, implying no amplification of warming in high-latitude regions of deep-water formation under ice-free cond...

Aim To understand the latitudinal patterns in body size distributions of north-eastern Paci®c bivalves, as well as the factors in ̄uencing those patterns. Locations The north-eastern Paci®c continental shelf from 5 °S latitude to 70 °N latitude. Methods We used data on the body size and latitudinal ranges of 915 species of northeastern Paci®c marine bivalves to test for the presence of interspec...

CONTEXT A previous study showed that significantly more boys were born in southern latitudes in Europe than in northern latitudes and the converse pattern was observed in North America. OBJECTIVE This study analyses secular trends in gender ratios for live births over the second half of the 20th century. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Analysis was carried out from a World Health Organisation...

Reproductive maturation in both male and female three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus was strongly photoperiodic in a northern population (Alaska, 61 degrees N) but not in a southern population (Oregon, 43 degrees N) from western North America. Increasing reliance on photoperiod with increasing latitude is a general phenomenon among vertebrates, and is probably due to the anticipation...

Vitamin D production in human skin occurs only when incident UV radiation exceeds a certain threshold. From simulations of UV irradiances worldwide and throughout the year, we have studied the dependency of the extent and duration of cutaneous vitamin D production in terms of latitude, time, total ozone, clouds, aerosols, surface reflectivity and altitude. For clear atmospheric conditions, no c...