in this study, 27 achaemenid coins, 62 parthian coins, 66 sassanid coins, have been analyzed. the achaemenid coins as well as 20 parthian coins belong to the national museum of iran and the other 42 parthian coins are kept in tamashagah-e pool museum. sasanid coins belong to private collectors. using pixe analysis, the element concentrations of the coins were measured. by using statistical anal...

hundreds of stray coins are being donated every year to different iranian museums but it is difficult to establish their authenticities due to lack of knowledge about places of their findings. part of these stray metallic pieces is related to parthians. due to their lengthy rule, of about five centuries, parthian coins form important part of numismatic collection at the museums. authors have ta...

sources which were used for minting coins may help us recognize the mines that parthians used for mint houses that were marked on their coins. these signs may solve many politico-economic issues or may even lead to the recognition of their mines. the coins under study were related to ecbatana mint house and were extracted from silver mines through cupellation. the chemical composition of these ...

silver coins of alexander of macedonia, until the arrival of parthians in the 1st century bc, have been put in wdxrf in order to determin ag, cu, pb and au as major and trace elements for fineness, debasement and refinement of silver in ancient persia. seleucid kingdom from 4th to 1st century bc was succeeded by several dynasties and kings. but the chemical composition of their silver coins an...

the present study is investigating the role and situation of women in parthian period. the role of women in parthian era based on archaeological evidences and historical literatures is unknown. the literature had a brief look to this and even leading to the misunderstanding. such literatures concerning generally to the women and their personal attributes in the court like political marriages. i...

always on kingdom history of the world a king without a crown is unconceivable. the persian kings were not exception of this rule. iranian ancient kings crown as one of the aspects of the monarchy and power, the image of king while makes he distinguishes from other persons is visible in various artistic works. one of the important artistic works that image of iran’s kings with their power symbo...

The Parthians are one of the peoples and forces that lived in Iran were able to form a state ancient East between years (247 BC - 224 AD). Studies differed about their ethnic origin. However, some research indicated they Indo-European peoples. Though Parthian-Roman relations normal at beginning, Romans began stretching East. interior exterior tensions Parthian Empire, especially with Romans, le...