Scaling behaviors of the global monthly sea surface temperature (SST) derived from 1870-2009 average monthly data sets of Hadley Centre Sea Ice and SST (HadISST) are investigated employing detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). The global SST fluctuations are found to be strong positively long-range correlated at all pertinent time-intervals. The value of scaling exponent is larger in the tropic...

We have studied the vertical structure of hazes at six different latitudes (−60◦, −50◦, −30◦, −10◦, +30◦, and +50◦) on Saturn’s atmosphere. For that purpose we have compared the results of our forward radiative transfer model to limb-to-limb reflectivity scans at four different wavelengths (230, 275, 673.2, and 893 nm). The images were obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planeta...

the aim of this research is recognizing synoptic patterns of the level 500 hp occurrence of late spring freezes over kurdistan province during 1965-2005. after determining freeze temporal-spatial threshold, 22 freezing days spreading over the region were extracted. then, level 500 hp height data located in a scope of 25-60 northern latitude and 30-60 eastern longitude was formulated as an s-mod...

according to general circulation model (gcm), zonal thermal belts are 1- inter-tropical convergence zones (itcz) around eqator; 2- sub tropical high (sth) belt around 30 degree latitude; 3- sub polar low (spl) belt around high latitudes. the belt of inter-tropical convergence zone (itcz) displaces in meridional path, about 5° over the oceans and up to 40° over continents, during the seasons of ...

Vitamin D deficiency is common in non-Western immigrant groups living in Western countries. A comparison of vitamin D status in individuals who have emigrated and individuals who remain in their country of origin is needed in order to provide information about the effect of moving to northern latitudes. A total of 196 participants aged 30-60 years in a cross-sectional population-based study in ...

Associations between latitude and the prevalence of multiple sclerosis are well recognized,1–3 although the association is not seen in some geographical regions.4 The 2006 New Zealand National Multiple Sclerosis Prevalence Study (NZMSPS)5 reported a three-fold increase in multiple sclerosis prevalence with increasing latitude from northern (37.9°S) to southern (45.8°S) regions of New Zealand. I...

We construct a mid-latitude (30–60 N) reduced temperature-depth profile from a global borehole temperature database compiled for climate reconstruction. This reduced temperature profile is interpreted in terms of past surface ground temperature change and indicates warming on the order of 1C over the past 100 to 200 years. The combination of an initial temperature (the primary free parameter) w...