PURPOSE To compare planning target volume (PTV) defined by PET combined with 4DCT to 3DCT and 4DCT. METHODS Eighteen (18/30) esophageal cancer patients who underwent 3DCT, 4DCT and (18)F-FDG PET-CT thoracic simulation with SUVmax≥2.0 of the primary volume were enrolled. CTV3D was formed on 3DCT by adding a margin of 30 mm in cranial-caudal direction and 5 mm in transversal direction. PTV3D wa...

The capacity of 4DCT to quantify organ motion is beyond conventional 3DCT capability. Local control could be improved. However we are unaware of any reports of organ dose measurements for helical 4DCT imaging. We therefore quantified the radiation doses for helical 4DCT imaging. Organ and tissue dose was measured for thoracic and abdominal 4DCT in helical mode using an adult anthropomorphic pha...

This study evaluated the accuracy of measuring the motion of an internal target using four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scanning and the BrainLAB ExacTrac X-ray imaging system. Displacements of a metal coil implanted in a commercial respiratory phantom were measured in each system and compared to the known motion. A commercial respiratory motion phantom containing a metal coil as a su...

The aim of this study was to explore the characteristic of 3DCT scanning phases and estimate the comparative amount of respiration motion information included in 3DCT and 4DCT by comparing the volumetric and positional difference between the volumes from 3DCT and 4DCT for the radiotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 28 patients with NSCLC sequentially underwent 3DCT and 4D...

We present a case of an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma detected with 4-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) in a patient with persistent primary hyperparathyroidism and failed neck exploration. We discuss the utility of 4DCT in the localization of these lesions and offer an algorithm that implements the use of 4DCT early on when standard imaging techniques are nonlocalizing.

Two interventions to overcome the deleterious impact irregular breathing has on thoracic-abdominal 4D computed tomography (4DCT) are (1) facilitating regular breathing using audiovisual biofeedback (AVB), and (2) prospective respiratory gating of the 4DCT scan based on the real-time respiratory motion. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of AVB and gating on 4DCT imaging using t...

INTRODUCTION 4DCT-ventilation is an exciting new imaging modality that uses 4DCT data to calculate lung-function maps. Because 4DCTs are acquired as standard of care for lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, 4DCT-ventiltation provides functional information at no extra dosimetric or monetary cost to the patient. The development of clinical trials is underway to use 4DCT-ventilation imag...

PURPOSE Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer requires that meticulous attention be paid toward ensuring optimal target definition. Two computed tomography (CT) scan techniques for defining internal target volumes (ITV) were evaluated. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ten consecutive patients treated with SRT underwent six "standard" rapid multislice CT ...

TARGET AUDIENCE: To assist radiation oncologists and medical physicists in determining treatment margins to fully estimate tumor motion in the thorax. PURPOSE: Conventionally, margins for mobile tumors in the thorax are derived from the 4DCT treatment planning images. These images are acquired in ~1 min to avoid excessive radiation to patients. In contrast, the duration of the radiation treatme...

PURPOSE The objectives of this study are (1) to measure concordance of tumor position on breath-hold (BH) computed tomography (CT) scans relative to the natural tumor path during free breathing (FB) and (2) to evaluate the benefits of the breathing monitoring device Abches (Apex Medical, Tokyo) for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) treatment planning. METHODS In 53 lung cancer patient...