Several variants of CTLA-4 have been reported to be associated with susceptibility systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, findings have been inconsistent across different populations. Using a case-control study design, we have investigated the role of CTLA-4 polymorphism at positions -1661 and -1722 on SLE susceptibility in our Chinese SLE population in central China's Hubei province. Sam...

Many studies have shown that cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene variants are associated with several autoimmune diseases particularly type 1 diabetes. Due to the lack of consistent data for this association with type 2 diabetes (T2D), this study explored the possible influence of CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms at -1722 (T/C), -318 (C/T), and +49 (G/A) positions for susceptibility to T2D ...

many studies have shown that cytotoxic t lymphocyte antigen-4 (ctla-4) gene variants are associated with several autoimmune diseases particularly type 1 diabetes. due to the lack of consistent data for this association with type 2 diabetes (t2d), this study explored the possible influence of ctla-4 gene polymorphisms at -1722 (t/c), -318 (c/t), and +49 (g/a) positions for susceptibility to t2d ...

BACKGROUND A number of studies assessed the association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphisms with asthma in different populations. However, the results were contradictory. We performed a meta-analysis to examine the association between CTLA-4 polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility. METHODS Pubmed, EMBASE, HuGE Navigator, and Wanfang Database were searche...

BACKGROUND Co-stimulatory molecules play a critical role in regulating T-cell function during CMV infection after liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the polymorphisms of the co-stimulatory genes and the susceptibility to CMV infection after liver transplantation. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PD-1 gene (PD1.1 A/G, PD1.3 A/G, PD1.9 C/...

We consider a many-fermion model which exhibits a transition from a superconducting to a rotational phase with variation of a parameter in its Hamiltonian. The model has analytical solutions in its two limits due to the presence of dynamical symmetries. However, the symmetries are basically incompatible with one another; no simple solution exists in intermediate situations. Exact (numerical) so...

Background: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is increasing worldwide. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) may play a role in the intensity of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between genetic variants of the CTLA-4 and HCV infection. Methods: Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) was ...

Previous studies have investigated the association between cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) polymorphisms and breast cancer susceptibility, but the results remained inconsistent. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between four common CTLA-4 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk by a meta-analysis, aiming to derive a comprehensive and precise conclusion. We searched EMBASE, Pubmed,...