OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of isoflurane pretreatment on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-related lung injury. METHODS Twelve dogs were randomly divided into two groups of six each. In one group, 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane was dministered for 30 min before CPB, while the control group received no anaesthetic. Both groups then underwent 100 min of mild...

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are antioxidant enzymes that catalyze the dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide. There are 3 kinds of isozymes: extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD). To examine the expression of SOD isozymes in lungs injured by crystalline silica, we...

The pore-forming hemolysin of Escherichia coli (HlyA), an important virulence factor in extraintestinal E. coli infections, causes thromboxane generation and related vasoconstriction in perfused rabbit lungs (Seeger, W., H. Walter, N. Suttorp, M. Muhly, and S. Bhakdi. 1989. J. Clin. Invest. 84:220). We investigated the influence of pulmonary vascular "priming" with endotoxin on the responsivene...

Hyperpolarized (hp) Kr (spin I = 9/2) is a promising gas-phase contrast agent that displays sensitivity to the surface chemistry, surface-to-volume ratio, and surface temperature of the surrounding environment. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates the feasibility of ex vivo hp Kr magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of lungs using natural abundance krypton gas (11.5% Kr) and excised, but othe...

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria prime rabbit lungs for enhanced thromboxane-mediated vasoconstriction upon subsequent challenge with the exotoxin Escherichia coli hemolysin (HlyA) (Walmrath et al. J. Exp. Med. 1994;180:1437-1443). We investigated the impact of endotoxin priming and subsequent HlyA challenge on lung vascular permeability while maintaining constancy of capilla...

The ethanolic extract of roots of Saccharum spontaneum Linn. Was evaluated for its antilithiatic activity in rats. Lithiasis was induced by oral administration of ethylene glycolated water (0.75%) in adult male wistar albino rats for 28 days. The ionic chemistry of urine was altered by ethylene glycol (EG), which elevated the urinary concentration of calcium, oxalate, urea, uric acid and creati...

A laminin-derived synthetic peptide, Cys-Asp-Pro-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 (CDPGYIGSR-H2), containing an active site for cell binding inhibited both angiogenesis and solid tumor growth. It potently suppressed both embryonic angiogenesis of the chick chorioallantoic membrane and migration of vascular endothelial cells induced by a tumor-conditioned medium but neither the in vitro proliferation...