Interleukin (IL)-17 plays a critical role in inflammation. Most studies to date have elucidated the inflammatory role of IL-17A, often referred to as IL-17. IL-17F is a member of the IL-17 family bearing 50% homology to IL-17A and can also be present as heterodimer IL-17AF. This study elucidates the distribution and contribution of IL-17A, F and AF in inflammatory arthritis. Neutralizing antibo...

BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, autoimmune disease leading to joint destruction and ultimately disability. Bone marrow (BM) is an important compartment in RA, where pathological processes from "outside the joint" can occur. IL-17 is a cytokine that exerts proinflammatory effects and participates in the process of bone destruction. It is believed that IL-17 is involved in pat...

Aspergillus fumigatus causes invasive pulmonary disease in immunocompromised hosts and allergic asthma in atopic individuals. We studied the contribution of lung eosinophils to these fungal diseases. By in vivo intracellular cytokine staining and confocal microscopy, we observed that eosinophils act as local sources of IL-23 and IL-17. Remarkably, mice lacking eosinophils had a >95% reduction i...

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasm in which 90% are B-cell lymphomas and 10% T-cell lymphomas. Although T-helper 17 (Th17) cells have been implicated to be essential in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, its role in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) remains unknown. In this study, we observed a significantly decreased frequency of Th1...

In autoimmune/lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), defective Fas death receptor function causes lymphadenomegaly/splenomegaly, the expansion of T-cell receptor αβ(+) CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells, and frequent development of hematologic autoimmunity. Dianzani autoimmune lymphoproliferative disease (DALD) has a similar phenotype but lacks the expansion of double-negative T cells. This work sho...

Mucosal immunity to gastrointestinal pathogens in early life has been studied only slightly. Recently, we developed an infection model in murine neonates using the gastroenteric pathogen Yersinia enterocolitica. Here, we report that oral infection of neonatal mice with low doses of virulent Y. enterocolitica leads to vigorous intestinal and systemic adaptive immunity. Y. enterocolitica infectio...

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common acute infectious diseases. To date, incidence CAP among children was decreased significantly worldwide, mainly due to increasing use effective preventive measures. Nevertheless, remains a cause childhood morbidity and mortality. Pneumonia may develop at any age, but often it occurs in young children, who are more likely have severe co...