A double antibody sandwich (DAS) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to quantify 146s antigen of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strain Al 0 Holland grown in suspension cultures of surviving bovine tongue epithelium. When virus harvests were incubated with trypsin-which affects VP1 , the most immunogenic structural protein of FMDV-the concentration of 146s antigen as det...

results the pellet of the 146s antigen of fmd virus serotype a was developed at a concentration of sucrose 50%. absorbance rate of the foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes a at wavelengths of 240, 259 and 280 nm was 1.238, 1.573 and 1.157, respectively. moreover, the amount of 146s antigen at the same wavelengths was 163.416, 207.636 and 152.724 μg/ml, respectively. the amount of purified pro...

Introduction Vaccine manufacturers evaluate the efficiency of their vaccine according to the method which is defined in the European Pharmacopoeia. Regarding foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine there are some difficulties to find animals for potency tests in the countries like Turkey where FMD is endemic and vaccine campaigns are carried out. In addition, potency tests must be carried out in c...

Intact (146S) foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDVs) can dissociate into specific (12S) viral capsid degradation products. FMD vaccines normally consist of inactivated virions. Vaccine quality is dependent on 146S virus particles rather than 12S particles. We earlier isolated two llama single-domain antibody fragments (VHHs) that specifically recognize 146S particles of FMDV strain O1 Manisa and ...

The efficacy of an inactivated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine is mainly dependent on the integrity of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) particles. At present, the standard method to quantify the active component, the 146S antigen, of FMD vaccines is sucrose density gradient (SDG) analysis. However, this method is highly operator dependent and difficult to automate. In contrast, the ...

BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists reportedly have potent antiviral and antitumor activities and may be a new kind of adjuvant for enhancing immune efficacy. Resiquimod (R848) is an imidazoquinoline compound with potent antiviral activity and functions through the TLR7/TLR8 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] is a synthetic analog of double-s...

The adjuvant effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on DNA vaccination are not fully understood. It has been hypothesized that swine-derived Lactobacillus acidophilus SW1 (LASW1) could function as an immune adjuvant to enhance antigen-specific immune responses after foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) DNA vaccination in mice. To evaluate the effect of oral LASW1 on the immune response to a DNA vaccine (...

AIM This study aims to determine the effect of the stationary rawx, roller, and the suspension cell culture systems on the total virus yield infectivity and antigenicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three serotypes of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) (serotype A, O and SAT-2) were inoculated separately into baby hamster kidney-21 cell line in rawx, roller, and suspension cultivation systems usin...