In this study, a novel dual permanent magnet excited vernier machine (DPMEVM) with magnets shifting in stator is proposed. Compared the conventional synchronous (PMSM), DPMEVM based on bidirectional field modulation effect can operate wider torque range. However, ripple of high because superposition generated by stator-side and rotor-side PMs. Consequently, proposed to further reduce ripple. Fi...

In this study, porous metals (Ni, Cu) with the porosity of 110 and 500 ppi were, respectively, added into SnBi solder joint to obtain SnBi@P–Cu SnBi@P–Ni composite joints. To ensure bonding quality between layers Cu substrates, a low pressure 0.1 MPa was conducted during soldering process. The microstructure shear behavior joints were investigated. With addition metals, microstructures are main...