Gene polymorphism refers to a variation in DNA sequence that occurs population with frequency of 1% or higher. Polymorphism may be single nucleotide (SNP) some repetitive sequences (length polymorphism). Several methods can used analyze polymorphism, included Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), sequencing from the conventional method more sophisticated such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), flu...

the pathogenesis of bipolar i disorder (bp-i) involves immune-mediated mechanisms, especially an imbalance in pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid. interleukin-1 (il-1) gene cluster, coding some of these pro-inflammatory cytokines, might play a role in various neuropathologies related to neuron inflammation. the aim of the present study was to investigat...

background: xmn-1 polymorphism of

background and objective: host genetic factors such as cytokine gene polymorphisms as well as helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection have been found to be associated with gastric cancer risk . interleukin 1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in h. pylori-induced gastric inflammation. therefore, we analyzed the association between il-1β and il-1-rn polymorphisms and gastric cancer in per...

background: transforming growth factor-β1 (tgf-β1) has been found to play a crucial role in early central nervous system development. several studies have illustrated decreased tgf-β1 levels in sera and brains of autistic children. two point mutations in the tgf-β1 signal peptide at 869t/c and 915g/c have been reported to influence tgf-β1 expression. the aim of the present study was to investig...

background and purpose: vulvovaginal candidiasis is a frequent disease affecting approximately more than %75 of all childbearing women at least once in their lifetime by overgrowth of opportunistic candida species. recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (rvvc) is common in otherwise healthy individuals. several risk factors were reported to contribute to rvvc susceptibility. a polymorphism in decti...