BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Wallsberg.-" Uber den Bau der Tr3nenwege der Haussaugetiere und des Menschen," Preisschrift, Rostock, 1876. 2. Ellenberger, W.-" Handbuch der vergleichenden mikroskopischen Anatomie der Haustiere," Berlin, Bd. 1, S. 542-547, 1906. 3. Chauveau, A. and Arloing, S.-" Trait6 d'anatomie comparde des animaux domestiques. Paris, 1905. 4. Schirmer.-" Mikroskopische Anatomie und Physiolo...

Alfred Graefe.?"Ueber caustische und antiseptische Behandlung der Conjunctivalentziindungen mit besonderer Beriicksichtigung der Blenorrhcea Neonatorum," in Volkmanris Sammlung Klinischer Vortrcege, No. 192, 1881. Abegg.?" Zur Yerlilitung der Augenentziindung Neugeborener," in Archiv fur Gyncekologie, xvii. 502, 1881. Olshausen.?" Zur Prophylaxe der Conjunctivalblenorrhoea Neugeborener," in Cen...

ABNORMAL retinal correspondence is found to be present in a considerable number of cases of concomitant strabismus. Muller (1826) thought that the anomalous projection was due to a congenital malposition of the macula of the squinting eye. It was suggested by von Graefe (1855) that the anomalous projection occurred as a result of the squint. Parinaud (1899) postulated that normal binocular func...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE To assess the distribution of near point of convergence (NPC), near heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic school children in South Korea. METHODS One hundred and thirty-six elementary school children, aged 8-13 years, were each given a thorough eye examination including binocular vision testing, NPC using standard push-up technique, horizontal heterophoria measuremen...

The pale, cupped disc found in the final stages of glaucomatous disease has been known from the time of Von Graefe (I854). Since then many observers have described changes that occur at the optic disc in chronic, simple glaucoma. There has been particular interest in changes which may occur in the early stages of the disease. Studies of the normal population have shown that while there is a wid...

THE various names given to the condition of ptosis and progressive ophthalmoplegia first described by von Graefe (1868), reflect views regarding the undecided aetiology of this condition, e.g. chronic progressive nuclear ophthalmoplegia, ocular myopathy, progressive muscular dystrophy involving the extra-ocular muscles, etc. M6bius (1900) had named the condition "progressive nuclear ophthalmopl...

Bennett.-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XXI, p. 43, 1901. Collins.-(1) Ibid., Vol. XL, p. 406; (2) Researches Anat. and Path. of Eye, London, p. 33, 1896; (3) Trans. Ophthal Soc. U.K., Vol. XV, p. 104, 1895; (4) Ibid., Vol. XXXVI, p. 403, 1916. Dub.-Archiv f..Oihthal., Vol. XXXVII, pp. 4, 26. Duke-Elder.-Recent Advances in Ophthalmology. London, 2nd Edit., 1929. Edmunds.-Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., ...

FUNCTIONAL spasm of accommodation was described by von Graefe (1856), and there are many case reports in the literature (Duke-Elder, 1949). The condition is sufficiently infrequent to retain a slightly bizarre flavour. The cases which occur sporadically in the out-patient departments of hospitals tend to be dismissed as relatively unimportant, and it is rare to be able to obtain an effective fo...

Optic disc cupping (ODC) is a classical feature of chronic simple glaucoma. In attempts to explain the pathogenesis of ODC, a very large volume of literature has accumulated since its discovery over I 20 years ago, but the mechanism is still far from clear. The presence of ODC with no rise in intraocular pressure (IOP), first described by von Graefe (I857), has further contributed to the confus...

THE beginnings of inferior oblique muscle weakening operations date back to the middle of the 18th century. A self-styled oculist, John Taylor, was then traversing Europe with a cure for squint which consisted of a single operation by incision in the lower angle of the eye, probably tenotomy of the inferior oblique. Then follows a description of the procedure by Bonnet (1841), but the operation...