Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis is an immunologic reaction to unfractionated heparin characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet activation and thrombosis. A high index of suspicion is required for timely diagnosis and treatment. Treatment is complex and outcome maybe less then satisfactory.

Coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2, which is responsible for COVID-19, depend on virus spike protein binding to host cell receptors cause infection. The SARS-CoV-2 binds primarily ACE2 target cells and then processed by membrane proteases, including TMPRSS2, leading viral internalisation or fusion with the plasma membrane. It has been suggested, however, that other than may be involved in binding...

BACKGROUND Ardeparin sodium has recently received approval by the Food and Drug Administration for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing elective total knee replacement. However, this low-molecular-weight heparin has not been previously evaluated in a randomized controlled trial for treatment of established acute deep venous thrombosis. METHODS The study included p...

BACKGROUND We compared the efficacy and safety of different dosages of a low-molecular-weight heparin, CY 216 D (Fraxiparine), in the treatment of submassive pulmonary embolism with unfractionated heparin in a prospective, randomized, dose-finding study. METHODS AND RESULTS The primary outcome was the evolution of pulmonary vascular obstruction. We enrolled 101 patients. Four patient groups w...

Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is commonly used to treat deep vein thrombosis. The dose is usually based on the patient’s body weight, and for some preparations the manufacturer recommends a daily maximum dose. Unlike the situation for unfractionated heparin, no effective antidote is available for LMWH overdose. Protamine sulphate neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of unfractionated hepa...

The goal of anticoagulation during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the primary and secondary prevention of thrombotic and significant bleeding events that increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Unfractionated heparin is the most commonly-used anticoagulant, but low-molecular weight heparin, and more recently bivalirudin are becoming increasingly popular in cardiac catheter...

A 67-year old man, receiving subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for 18 days was admitted because of femoral artery thrombosis. Biochemical analysis showed thrombocytopenia (29×109/L) and a positive test for heparin-dependent antiplatelet antibodies. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) was diagnosed. Computed tomography (CT) showed extensive thrombosis (Figure 1). Doppler ultrasonography dem...