Through the examination of 11 intact interuniversity research project teams, this study examines the relationship between team leaders, team members, their communication networks (represented as structural holes), and performance. The study shows that in the conduct of their work, the team leaders bridged more structural holes than team members. Although team leaders demonstrated a higher level...

In the Ozark Mountains of northern Arkansas and southern Missouri, an oak decline event, coupled with epidemic populations of red oak borer (Enaphalodes rufulus Haldeman), has resulted in extensive red oak (Quercus spp., section Lobatae) mortality. Twenty-four northern red oak trees, Quercus rubra L., infested with red oak borer, were felled in the Ozark National Forest between March 2002 and J...

Epidemic populations of red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman), a native wood-boring cerambycid beetle, appear to be a primary factor contributing to oak mortality across the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas, Oklahoma and Missouri. We developed a rapid estimation procedure (REP) to quickly, non-destructively and economically assess current density and infestation history of red oak borer in n...

Reaming is a common finishing process for improving the drilled holes surface quality. Choosing an appropriate finishing method in drilling process has a significant effect on the surface quality of holes and in decreasing the process total cost and time. In this study, four similar holes were drilled on the AISI 4340 workpiece with different two pair feed rates. The drilling process was perfor...

A geometric modeling technique called Octree Encoding is presented. Arbitrary 3-D objects can be represented to any specified resolution in a hierarchical I-ary tree structure or “octree.” Objects may be concave or convex, have holes (including interior holes), consist of disjoint parts, and possess sculptured (i.e., “free-form”) surfaces. The memory required for representation and manipulation...

We introduce the concept of the network architect to extend theory explaining how brokers create and manage structural holes in mediated markets. We argue that a broker’s social resources and dependence on the market, along with exogenous deal conditions, influence the broker’s motivations and willingness to make tradeoffs between long-term and short-term considerations when constructing deal n...

We investigate the evolution of high-redshift seed black hole masses at late times and their observational signatures. The massive black hole seeds studied here form at extremely high redshifts from the direct collapse of pre-galactic gas discs. Populating dark matter haloes with seeds formed in this way, we follow the mass assembly of these black holes to the present time using a Monte Carlo m...

Tree image segmentation is an important algorithm and technique to separate an individual tree from the surrounding landscape in a photographic image. In recent years, this problem is a hot issue for scientific workers in forestry research field. In order to get a better processing result to the problem that a large number of holes and transparent phenomenon appear in the internal area of tree ...

a microgravity survey was conducted for detecting the sink-holes at site of a power plant. pits, man-made tunnels and canals were considered as topographical effects and were corrected. to show the capability of the method two sites in a power plant have been surveyed for existing areas which can be affected by sink-holes overnight. ground shakes due to the running facilities were also preventi...