The lack of fully automated generalisation forces National Mapping Agencies to maintain topographical data sets at different map scales. For consistency between map scales, but also for supporting (future) automated generalisation processes, information on similarities and differences of the separate data sets should be identified and formalised. This includes information on valid data content ...

Topographical effect was considered in the context of bare soil moisture assessment. Soil moisture was evaluated using thermal inertia modelling. As an input data in thermal inertia model, the images in visible and thermal infrared range are required. Two own programs were worked out modi for thermal inertia modelling and topo – for topographical effect removal. Standard GIS software can have a...

The involvement of the medial temporal-lobe region in allocentric mapping of the environment has been observed in human lesion and functional imaging work. Cognitive models of environmental learning ascribe a key role to salient landmarks in representing large-scale space. In the present experiments we examined the neural substrates of the topographical memory acquisition process when environme...

This paper describes an array of micromachined thermal probes for scanning thermal microscopy for which the structural design and choice of materials virtually eliminate the need for z-axis mechanical feedback in contact mode scans. The high mechanical compliance accommodates significant topographical variation in the sample surface and prevents damage to soft samples. Thin film metal bolometer...

BACKGROUND Precentral gyrus resections (PGRs) have been regarded as excessively hazardous interventions because of the risk of postoperative major neurological complications. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the neurological deterioration that follows PGRs and to assess the topographical risk factors associated with these morbidities. METHODS We reviewed 33 consecutive patients who experienced pharmac...

BACKGROUND The no-go P3a is a variant of the P300 event-related potential (ERP) that indexes speed of information processing and attention allocation. The aim of this study was to compare ERP findings with results from the paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT) and to quantify latency, amplitude and topographical differences in P3a ERP components between multiple sclerosis (MS) patients an...

The ability of laser Doppler scanning to reproduce the spatial pattern of cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) in a 6.25-cm2 area of skin was evaluated at supine rest (28 degrees C), during thermal stress (cold and heat), and during baroreceptor unloading with -40-mmHg lower body negative pressure (LBNP). The spatial pattern of resting CVC was similar on 3 different days, varying by 6 +/- 3%. D...

Neural networks regulate brain functions by routing signals. Therefore, investigating the detailed organization of a neural circuit at the cellular levels is a crucial step toward understanding the neural mechanisms of brain functions. To study how a complicated neural circuit is organized, we analyzed recently published data on the neural circuit of the Drosophila central complex, a brain stru...

A simplified model of TIRF optics was used to quantitate the relative membrane/substratum separation distances from the spatial pattern of TIRF image brightness. Phase-contrast and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) images were collected of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) plated onto glass microscope slides for 15 min, 30 min and 24 h. BAEC adherent for 15 min show...