The response of nucleated bone marrow cells from C3H mice to hyperthermic temperatures of 41.5 to 49.5 degrees for a fixed heating period of 30 min has been determined. The threshold temperatures for cell lysis, loss of trypan blue exclusion, and histological evidence of cell injury were greater than 49.5 degrees, 45.5 degrees and 43.5 degrees, respectively. Growth of mature granulocyte-monocyt...

Many conventional biochemical assays are performed using populations of cells to determine their quantitative biomolecular profiles. However, population averages do not reflect actual physiological processes in individual cells, which occur either on short time scales or nonsynchronously. Therefore, accurate analysis at the single-cell level has become a highly attractive tool for investigating...

Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) increases after consumption of a protein-containing meal but returns to baseline values within 3 h despite continued elevations of plasma amino acids and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC1) signaling. This study evaluated the potential for supplemental leucine (Leu), carbohydrates (CHO), or both to prolong elevated MPS after a meal. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (∼2...

The survival of ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated cultures of Haemophilus influenzae Rd is determined by at least two responses: (i) excision-repair ability and (ii) UV-induced cell lysis. An UV-resistant mutant, BC200, has the same capabilities as the wild type, Rd, for excising dimers but does not exhibit lysis. Lytic response is dose-dependent. Relative to the wild type, a lower dose of UV causes ...

A fully automated anthrax smoke detector (ASD) has been developed and tested. The ASD is intended to serve as a cost effective front-end monitor for anthrax surveillance systems. The principle of operation is based on measuring airborne endospore concentrations, where a sharp concentration increase signals an anthrax attack. The ASD features an air sampler, a thermal lysis unit, a syringe pump,...

Three main requirements influence the control of the temperatures of operating suites: (1) avoid humidities which contribute to the risks of anaesthetic explosions; (2) promote the comfort and working efficiency of the staff; and (3) conserve the patient's resources. In the United States, an air temperature of 70 to 75°F. (21 to 240C.) with 50 to 60% relative humidity provides a compromise betw...

Silica particles (quartz dust) are toxic to macrophages after their uptake into these cells. These experiments describe the opsonization mechanism(s) and macrophage receptor(s) involved in silica uptake. Freshly isolated rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) were incubated at 37 degrees C with silica particles in the presence or absence of autologous or heterologous plasma or purified plasma fi...

Purpose: To examine the effects of wearing a lower-body compression garment with different body coverage areas during prolonged running on exercise performance and muscle damage. Methods: Thirty male subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) wearing a compression tights with 15 mmHg to thigh [n = 10, CT group], (2) wearing a compression socks with 15 mmHg to calf [n = 10, CS g...

Fractionation of milled pine wood using γ-valerolactone (GVL)/ water solution as a novel organosolv treatment is proposed. Milled pine wood of 0.125 mm was cooked with GVL/water solution of different ratios. The reaction took place at 180 °C for 120 min in a monowave reactor. It was found that the highest delignification in pulp was achieved over the range of 50% to 60% wt. GVL/water. Under the...

Whole blood was heated for twenty minutes at 40 degrees C., 45 degrees C., 50 degrees C., and 55 degrees C. Changes in the osmotic resistance of the heat-exposed cells were then determined. The values obtained were plotted as lysis increments. This treatment revealed groups of cells of varying heat sensitivity. After heating to 50 degrees C., cell groups were therefore prepared by partitioning ...