Mutants of the Salmonella phage P22 which, as prophages, do not prevent the growth of superinfecting virulent P22 phage were isolated. These mutants, called sieA-, retain some ability to exclude the heteroimmune phages L and MG178. Prophages carrying mutations at another locus, sieB, lose entirely the ability to exclude the heteroimmune phages. The sicmutants of Rao (1968) were shown to be sieA...

A physical gene map of the late region of the P22 chromosome has been constructed by genetic analysis of restriction enzyme fragments of P22 DNA cloned in a plasmid vector. Cleavage sites for restriction endonucleases SalI, SstI, SmaI, XhoI, and BglI were mapped on P22 DNA to provide physical reference points in addition to the EcoRI, HindIII, and BamHI cleavage sites previously mapped. Restric...

Background: Lung carcinoma is a multiple type cancer comprising of small cell and non-small cell carcinomas (NSCLC). For therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, serum monoclonal antibodies have been produced against lung cancer. Objective: To charac-terize a murine monoclonal antibody (ME3D11) reactive with human NSCLC. Methods: A murine monoclonal antibody (ME3D11) reactive with human NSCLC was s...

The genome of HB V virus of serotype ayw cloned in pBR322 and expression shuttle vector p YES2 were used for construction of the HBsAg chimeric genes and their expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two recombinant plasmids were constructed. One of them contained the coding sequences for the major polypeptide of surface antigen. Another construct carried the major polypeptide with the pre-S2 a...

The paper describes immobilization methods of bacteriophage P22 and tailspike gp9 proteins isolated from P22 on atomic force microscope (AFM) probes. The paper also reports single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) using AFM of the immobilized P22 (or gp9) interactions with substrate-supported O-antigenic lipopolysaccharides (LPS) bilayers. LPS covers the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteri...

Sustained activation of NF-κB is one of the causative factors for various liver diseases, including liver inflammation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been known that activating the NF-κB signal by hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is implicated in the development of HCC. However, despite numerous studies on HBx-induced NF-κB activation, the detailed mechanisms still remain unsolved....

The genomes of temperate Salmonella typhimurium phages P22 and L share approximately 69% homology, as measured by DNA heteroduplex analysis. Alignment of the P22/L heteroduplex molecules with a P22 physical map places most of this homology between the capsid genes and genes in the vicinity of the prophage attachment sites. The degree of genetic relatedness between these phages and the lambdoid ...

Under proper conditions, one infective center was obtained for 3 X 108 molecules of P22 phage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) when lysozyme-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid spheroplasts of Escherichia coil were transfected in the presence of 25 /Ig of protamine sulfate per ml. A 3to 50-fold B-specific and K-specific E. coli restriction of the incoming P22 DNA was observed. When P22 DNA-infected E. c...

A novel form of copy number control (CNC) helps maintain a low number of Ty1 retrovirus-like transposons in the Saccharomyces genome. Ty1 produces an alternative transcript that encodes p22, a trans-dominant negative inhibitor of Ty1 retrotransposition whose sequence is identical to the C-terminal half of Gag. The level of p22 increases with copy number and inhibits normal Ty1 virus-like partic...

Molecular dynamics simulation of an atom-resolved bacteriophage P22 capsid model is used to delineate the underlying mechanism of early stage P22 self-assembly. A dimer formed by the C-terminal fragment of scaffolding protein with a new conformation is demonstrated to catalyze capsomer (hexamer and pentamer) aggregation efficiently. Effects of scaffolding protein/coat protein binding patterns a...