theory? What is its legacy today in biology? Quite a few mathematical fads have burst onto the popular press, promising great new insights into biology: information theory, catastrophe theory, chaos theory, and most recently complexity theory, to name just a few. All were quite useful in their founding fields (except complexity, which has proven slippery to even define), but all failed to live ...

This paper is concerned with the existence of homoclinic solutions for a class of second order p-Laplacian systems with impulsive effects. A new result is obtained under more relaxed conditions by using the mountain pass theorem, a weak convergence argument, and a weak version of Lieb’s lemma. MSC: 34C37; 35A15; 37J45; 47J30

1. Disciplina de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil. 2. Editor-Chefe do JBP Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, Brasília (DF) Brasil. The Portuguese word momento can be translated in a number of ways. It is first and foremost translated as “moment”, which has an eminently temporal connotation, indicatin...

Nigel T. Bishop,1,2 Roberto Gomez,2 Paulo R. Holvorcem,3,5 Richard A. Matzner,3 Philippos Papadopoulos,2,4 and Jeffrey Winicour2 1Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and Astronomy, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria 0001, South Africa 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 3Center for Relativity, University of Te...

We analyze a variant of the coupon collector’s problem, in which the probabilities of obtaining coupons and the numbers of coupons in a collection may be non-uniform. We obtain a finite expression for the generating function of the probabilities to complete a collection and show how this generalizes several previous results about the coupon collector’s problem. Also, we provide applications abo...

Italian soldiers carrying their skis marching up snow-covered mountain trails. Some of the most ferocious mountain warfare to date occurred during World War I between Italian and Austrian armies, far outstripping mountain battles in other wars. This photograph was taken in April, when the snow had been softened by the warmer rays of the sun and the path made almost impassable by the slush. The ...

BACKGROUND The performance in master marathoners has been investigated in flat city marathons but not in mountain marathons. This study examined changes in the sex differences in performance across time in female and male master runners competing in a mountain marathon compared to a flat city marathon. METHODS The association between age and performance of finishers in the Jungfrau Marathon, ...

Panax ginseng is the most widely used herbal medicine for improving cognitive functions. The pharmacological activity and underlying mechanisms of mountain-cultivated ginseng, however, have yet to be clearly elucidated, in particular, against trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfunction. We previously reported that interleukin-6 plays a protective role against trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfu...

Effects of landfall location and approach angle on track deflection associated with a tropical cyclone (TC) passing over an idealized and Central Appalachian Mountain is investigated by a series of idealized numerical experiments. When the TC landfalls on the central portion of the mountain range, it is deflected to the south upstream, passes over the mountain anticyclonically, and then moves w...