Faculty salary equity is a hot political issue that may have severe legal, monetary, and human consequences. It is also an issue that often requires the use of sophisticated statistical techniques for the determination of inequity. The purpose of this paper is to identify the areas in which human judgment must be made in order to conduct a statistical analysis of salary equity and to provide so...

this review gives an overview of our recent findings and developments in research on brain mechanisms of morphine reward from studies using the place preference conditioning paradigm. intracranial place conditioning methodology has become a valuable and firmly established and very widely used tool in behavioural pharmacology and drug reward mechanisms. several studies have established that morp...

The paper explores a very simple agent design method called Q-decomposition, wherein a complex agent is built from simpler subagents. Each subagent has its own reward function and runs its own reinforcement learning process. It supplies to a central arbitrator the Q-values (according to its own reward function) for each possible action. The arbitrator selects an action maximizing the sum of Q-v...

IMPORTANCE Limited evidence exists on salary differences between male and female academic physicians, largely owing to difficulty obtaining data on salary and factors influencing salary. Existing studies have been limited by reliance on survey-based approaches to measuring sex differences in earnings, lack of contemporary data, small sample sizes, or limited geographic representation. OBJECTI...

Considering the prior research on importance of financial reward satisfaction, study highlighted value material and psychological rewards in this study. It is hypothesized that these two also have same effect employees’ attitudes behavior. For purpose, collected data from 22 banks Punjab through a questionnaire sample consisting 336 banking sector employees applied regression analysis. ANOVA te...

this study was aimed at investigating the impact of organizational factors, leadership style, reward system and job design on psychological empowerment and its dimensions. this study was also aimed at measuring the level of employees' psychological empowerment. applied research method was survey-correlation using questionnaire as the measurement tool. statistical population included all em...

This paper studies factors that determine salary among professional baseball players in the Asian (Japan, Korea and Taiwan) and US. Empirical results show that US baseball players are the highest paid and those in Taiwan receive the lowest salary, with a large difference of 75 times. Experience, age, education and other variables, as well as population of teams’ home cities are influential. Whe...