The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary grain on calcium homeostasis. Six rumen-fistulated dairy cows with 3 or more previous lactations and no history of parturient paresis were randomly assigned to a sequence of diets in a crossover study with 4 periods of 10 days each. Dietary treatments were: A control ration consisting of wrap grass silage alone (1), the con...

Malnutrition is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in captive giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis). Frothy bloat, a nutrition-related disease of domestic ruminants, has not previously been reported in Giraffidae. A 10-year-old female reticulated giraffe (G. c. reticulata) had a chronic cough and died in February 2007 following a two-month period of weight loss. Multiple nutrition-related abn...

A distinguishing feature of ruminants is that they rely on anaerobic fermentation of feeds in the rumen and reticulum (collectively termed the reticulo-rumen) to supply metabolizable energy in the form of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and metabolizable protein in the form of microbial protein. While the production of SCFA is a nutritionally desired effect, excessive rates of SCFA production an...

This trial was designed in order to evaluate the incidence of subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) during early lactation and to investigate the possibilities for its prevention by use of a buffering mineral mixture. On the beginning of the trial it was found that the pH value of rumen fluid in 4 animals was lower than normal (pH < 6.0) and that 20% of animals have had SARA. The control and the exper...

The linkage among the microbial community and health outcomes in monogastric species has been well documented along with demonstrated evidence for species-dependent health consequences. While a symbiotic relationship between the microbial inhabitants and the ruminant host has been accepted from the perspective of feed digestion, the mechanisms for host-regulation of the microbial community is n...

SARA is a common and serious metabolic disorder in early lactation in dairy cattle and in finishing beef cattle, caused by diets with high inclusion of cereal grain. This experiment was performed to determine the efficacy of Megasphaera elsdenii, a major lactate-utilizing bacterium in prevention/treatment of SARA in vivo. In vivo experimentation, it was used eight ruminally cannulated rams and ...

The article presents the results of assessment biological usefulness feed according to control tests milk. Scientific research was carried out in LLC "Minskoye" Kostroma district region on a population 369 cows and Black-and-White breeds seasons year. authors found that terms level digestible protein lactating cows, there is an imbalance almost all year, so most animals are prone diseases assoc...

Microbiota of the rumen wall constitute an important niche of rumen microbial ecology and their composition has been elucidated in different ruminants during the last years. However, the knowledge about the function of rumen wall microbes is still limited. Rumen wall biopsies were taken from three fistulated dairy cows under a standard forage-based diet and after 4 weeks of high concentrate fee...

Despite diet formulation for chemical (15) and physically-effective fiber (12) minimums, nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) and starch maximums (16), and the use of total mixed rations (TMR), some degree of SARA may be inevitable in high-producing dairy herds because total chewing and rumination times per kg of rumen-fermentable organic matter (RFOM) intake declines as RFOM intake increases (Figu...