Parasitic nematodes (roundworms) of livestock have major economic impact globally. In spite of the diseases caused by these nematodes and some advances in the design of new therapeutic agents (anthelmintics) and attempts to develop vaccines against some of them, there has been limited progress in the establishment of practical diagnostic techniques. The specific and sensitive diagnosis of gastr...

In the winter of 1997-1998, we collected parasitological data from 60 wild carnivora in the north-western part of Tohoku region, Japan. These included 7 foxes (Vulpes vulpes japonica), 20 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus), 29 martens (Martes melampus melampus), 3 weasels (two Mustela sibirica itatsi and one M. nivalis namiyei), and one Japanese badger (Meles meles anakuma). Rou...

Introduction Gastrointestinal parasitism remains a significant health problem in horses, although the nature of the problem has changed in the past 20 years. It is probably fair to state that ivermectin revolutionized control of gastrointestinal parasites of horses, but the use of ivermectin, or any other anthelmintic, did not eliminate equine gastrointestinal parasites. When administered at re...

1. Morantel (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-2-[2-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)ethenyl pyrimidine) is a tetrahydro-pyrimidine anthelmintic, differing from the related analogue pyrantel by the presence of a methyl group on the thiophene ring. It is intended to treat roundworms and tapeworms. It is administered in lactating and non lactating cattle as morantel tartrate as a slow-release bolus (11.8 g morantel...

Roundworms of Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina are common gastrointestinal helminths of canids over the world. Humans are infected with T. canis larvae through ingestion of infective eggs in contaminated environments or larvae by consumption of raw or uncooked meat or livers. Recently, patients of clinically diagnosed toxocariasis are increasing and require correct diagnosis in Korea. The ...

A new anthelmintic drug Albenwas dazole (Zentel) was tested for its efficacy and tolerance in 100 children having single or mixed infestation with roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, pinworms and tapeworms. Their stools were examined by direct examination and by centrifugal floatation technique. The patients were observed carefully before and after treatment, for clinical efficacy, side effects o...

Sir,?Sharif Husain, a Mohammadan male, aet. 23 years, was admitted into the hospital on the 18th August, 1911^ complaining of pain and swelling in the right iliac region and upper ̂ of right thigh of 8 days' duration. On examination it was found that he kept the right thigh flexed and stiff. The swelling extended from Poupart's ligament up to the region of the liver and also backwards to the out...

Roundworms of the Nematoda comprise one of the largest animal phyla on Earth (1). They inhabit diverse terrestrial and aquatic niches through adaptations of a spectrum of trophic groups, including parasites that threaten human, animal and crop plant health. The most well-known nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, is a native soil-dwelling microbivore that has emerged as a premier model for animal ...

Purines appear to be the most primitive and widespread chemical messengers in the animal and plant kingdoms. The evidence for purinergic signalling in plants, invertebrates and lower vertebrates is reviewed. Much is based on pharmacological studies, but important recent studies have utilized the techniques of molecular biology and receptors have been cloned and characterized in primitive invert...