Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of organic matter under inert atmospheric conditions, leading to the release of volatiles and formation of char. It is also a first step in the biomass gasification. Understanding of kinetic parameters is essential for the design of a suitable pyrolysis reactor. In the proposed kinetic model of this study, the kinetic scheme of biomass decomposition by two...

Pyrolysis, a first step in the biomass gasification, is the thermal decomposition of organic matter under inert atmospheric conditions, leading to the release of volatiles and formation of char. In the proposed kinetic model of this study, the kinetic scheme of biomass decomposition by two competing reactions giving gaseous volatiles and solid charcoal is used. Four different models are propose...

OBJECTIVE To compare the histologic appearance of canine skin biopsies collected by use of a scalpel, skin biopsy punch, monopolar electrosurgery, CO2 laser, and radio wave radiosurgery in fully rectified wave form (RWRS). STUDY DESIGN Experimental, randomized design. ANIMALS Healthy adult grayhounds (n=4). METHODS Skin biopsies were collected using 5 techniques. Cut margins of biopsy spe...

The North Pacific Ocean has been of great significance to understanding biogeography and speciation in temperate faunas, including for two species of char (Salmonidae: Salvelinus) whose evolutionary relationship has been controversial. We examined the morphology and genetics (microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA) of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma) in la...

In this paper a packed bed of char particles is considered for experimental study and analysis. The packed char bed is modelled by extending the single-particle analysis (Dasappa et al., 1994a, Chem. Eng. Sci. 49}2: 223}232. Dasappa et al., 1994b, 1wenty-,fth Symposium (International) on Combustion, pp. 1619}1628. Dasappa et al., 1998, 1wenty-seventh Symposium (International) on Combustion, pp....

A one-dimensional, unsteady mathematical model is presented of fixed-bed countercurrent wood gasifiers, which couples heat and mass transport with wood drying and devolatilization, char gasification, and combustion of both char and gas-phase species. The model is used to simulate the structure of the reaction fronts and the gasification behavior of a laboratory-scale plant as the reactor throug...

Reducing the vulnerability of agriculture to climate change while increasing primary productivity requires mitigation and adaptation activities to generate profitable cobenefits to farms. The conversion of woody-wastes by pyrolysis to produce bio-char (biologically derived charcoal) is one potential option that can enhance natural rates of carbon sequestration in soils, reduce farm waste, and s...

Microalgae have been utilized in wastewater treatment strategies in various contexts. Uncontrolled algal species are a cheap and effective remediation strategy. This study investigates the thermochemical potential of wastewater treatment algae (phycoremediation) as a means to produce renewable fuel streams and bio-products. Three gasification temperature levels were investigated in an auger gas...

The application of biochar to soil is considered to have the potential for long-term soil carbon sequestration, as well as for improving plant growth and suppressing soil pathogens. In our study we evaluated the effect of biochar on the plant growth of soybeans, as well as on the community composition of root-associated bacteria with plant growth promoting traits. Two types of biochar, namely, ...

Glucose, lactose, and saccharose were used as precursors to prepare chars at 400 °C then activated at 800 °C or 1000 °C in closed vessels with controlled amounts of oxygen penetrating through nanopores in the vessel walls. There are correlations between the porosity, amounts of residual O- and H-containing functionalities, and electroconductivity of amorphous carbons studied. The pore size dist...