Apoptosis plays a major role in the cytopathic effect induced by reovirus following infection of cultured cells and newborn mice. Strain-specific differences in the capacity of reovirus to induce apoptosis segregate with the S1 and M2 gene segments, which encode attachment protein sigma1 and membrane penetration protein mu1, respectively. Virus strains that bind to both junctional adhesion mole...

PURPOSE The goals of this study were (a) to investigate whether preconditioning of immunocompetent mice with PC-61-mediated regulatory T-cell (Treg) depletion and interleukin-2 (IL-2) would enhance systemic delivery of reovirus into subcutaneous tumors and (b) to test whether cyclophosphamide (CPA), which is clinically approved, could mimic PC-61 for modification of Treg activity for translatio...

Single-stranded reovirus RNA, synthesized in vitro by reovirus cores, functioned as messenger RNA in cell-free extracts prepared from several mammalian cells: Krebs II mouse ascites cells, mouse L cells, Chinese hamster ovary cells, HeLa cells, and rabbit reticulocytes. As shown by acrylamide gel electrophoresis, all eight polypeptides known to be specified by reovirus were synthesized in the r...

The human reovirus is an oncolytic virus that specifically targets cancer cells with an activated Ras pathway. Because it is replication competent and highly specific for cancer cells, this virus has the potential to be an effective antimetastatic cancer agent through remote site delivery. In this study, we exploited the ability of reovirus to replicate in murine cells to test the efficacy of t...

Reovirus is a naturally occurring oncolytic virus that has shown preclinical efficacy in the treatment of a wide range of tumor types and has now reached phase III testing in clinical trials. The anti-cancer activity of reovirus has been attributed to both its direct oncolytic activity and the enhancement of anti-tumor immune responses. In this study, we have investigated the direct effect of r...

Mammalian orthoreoviruses induce apoptosis in vivo and in vitro; however, the specific mechanism by which apoptosis is induced is not fully understood. Recent studies have indicated that the reovirus outer capsid protein μ1 is the primary determinant of reovirus-induced apoptosis. Ectopically expressed μ1 induces apoptosis and localizes to intracellular membranes. Here we report that ectopic ex...

Reovirus is a nonenveloped mammalian virus that provides a useful model system for studies of viral infections in the young. Following internalization into host cells, the outermost capsid of reovirus virions is removed by endosomal cathepsin proteases. Determinants of capsid disassembly kinetics reside in the viral σ3 protein. However, the contribution of capsid stability to reovirus-induced d...

During the summer 2012 an incidence of high mortality, above 44 percent, in two flocks of Muscovy ducklings in Poland was noted. The clinical signs included considerable weight loss and inability to walk. During the post-mortem evaluations dehydration and enteritis, gouty kidneys as well as hemorrhagic liver and spleen lesions were found. The laboratory diagnosis included agar gel precipitation...

We reported the isolation and characterization of a novel mammalian reassortant reovirus BYD1 that may have played an accomplice role with SARS-coronavirus during the 2003 SARS pandemic. The pathogenic mechanism of this novel reovirus is unknown. Reovirus pathogenicity has been associated with virus-induced apoptosis in cultured cells and in vivo. The reovirus outer capsid protein μ1 is recogni...

ownload or-associated immunosuppressive strategies, such as lack of tumor antigen recognition and failure phocyte activation and homing, resist the development of tumor-specific immunity and hamper the ne response–mediated elimination of cancerous cells. In this report, we show that reovirus virotherverrides such a tumor immune evasion and establishes clinically meaningful antitumor immunity le...