We study a perishable inventory system that requires to maintain a minimum inventory volume at all times, where the minimum amount in the constraint is significant with respect to regular market demand and the traditional Economic Manufacturing Quantity (EMQ) models do not suffice. The problem is motivated by applications in homeland security, which are related to the management of pharmaceutic...

In the era of digital communications, religious dialogues have experienced significant transformations, notably with rise online fatwas via social media platforms. The spread these verdicts has broadened dissemination information and public engagement while challenging traditional boundaries freedom speech. This research, grounded in context Pakistan, explores implications effectiveness fatwas....

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of reputation in the matching of lead underwriters and issuing firms in the straight corporate bond market in Japan. While the existing literature already investigates how the issuing firm chooses its lead underwriter at the time of issue, this paper uses successive issues of straight corporate bonds to examine how the matching of lead underwrite...

the common pistachio psylla agonoscena pistaciae is a key pest of pistachio in iran. a study was conducted to determine the spatial distribution ofpsyllanymphs and eggs in a 10 ha pistachio orchard in the rafsanjan region, southeast of iran. three rows, each containing 33 trees (totally 99 trees), were randomly selected in the orchard based on a stratified sampling scheme. in each of the select...

Background Infertility is a major problem with a prevalence around 9% in the world and a life time prevalence of about 25% in Iran. Assisted reproductive technique (ART), came into the world on 1978 with the birth of Luise Brown, but early days of ART in Iran was not clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the history of ART in Iran and its time line in this Islamic society. MaterialsAnd...

Digital certificates are key component of trust used by many operating systems. Modern operating systems implement a form of digital signature verification for various applications, including kernel driver installation, software execution, etc. Digital signatures rely on digital certificates that authenticate the signature, which then verify the validity of a given signature for a signed binary...

In contrast to conventional pyrene-based emitters which feature D-?-A type structures, a new class of possessing short axis are gaining interest owing both their academic importance and promising applications in organic optoelectronic materials. Herein, donor acceptor substituents were introduced at 1-, 3-positions by employing two step bromination reaction. Two 1-donor-3-acceptor pyrenes syste...