The mechanism by which the products of the v-rel oncogene, the corresponding c-rel proto-oncogene, and the related dorsal gene of Drosophila melanogaster exert their effects is not clear. Here we show that the v-rel, chicken c-rel, and dorsal proteins activated gene expression when fused to LexA sequences and bound to DNA upstream of target genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have defined two...

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors recognizes DNA motifs known as E-boxes (CANNTG) and includes 108 members1. Here we investigate how chromatinized are engaged by two structurally diverse bHLH proteins: the proto-oncogene MYC-MAX circadian factor CLOCK-BMAL1 (refs. 2,3). Both bind to preferentially near nucleosomal entry-exit sites. Structural studies with enginee...

The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a conserved chromatin-remodelling that catalyses the trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), mark associated with gene silencing. PRC2 regulates chromatin structure and expression during organismal tissue development homeostasis in adult. core subunits are various accessory proteins modulate its function recruitment to target genes. multime...

The cellular homologs of the v-Crk oncogene product are composed exclusively of Src homology region 2 (SH2) and SH3 domains. v-Crk overexpression in fibroblasts causes cell transformation and elevated tyrosine phosphorylation of specific cellular proteins. Among these proteins is a 130-kDa protein, identified as p130cas, that forms a stable complex in vivo with v-Crk. We have explored the role ...

There is growing evidence in recent literature for the involvement of protein-tyrosine phosphorylation in the early events of leukocyte activation. Interleukin-3 (IL-3), a growth factor essential for the growth of hematopoietic stem cells, myeloid cells, and possibly early lymphoid cells induces rapid phosphorylation of several cellular proteins in different IL-3-dependent cells (B. Isfort and ...

objective: breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women both worldwide and in malaysia. azadirachta indica (a. juss), commonly known as neem, is one of the most versatile medicinal plants that has gained worldwide prominence due to its medicinal properties. however, the anticancer effect of ethanolic neem leaf extract against breast cancer has not been documented. th...

meduiiary thyroid carcinoma (mtc) occurs both sporadically and in the autosomal dominantly inherited multiple endocrine neoplasia (men) type 2 syndromes. the distinction between true sporadic mtc and a new mutation familial case is important for future clinical management of both the patient and family. the susceptibility gene for hereditary mtc is the ret proto-oncogene. dna analysis for germl...

receptor as well as phosphorylation of certain intracellular proteins. The intracellular messenger system that transmits the mitogenic signal from the receptor and to the nucleus is still largely unknown. Recent observations have indicated that the cellular homologue to the oncogene myc might be involved; stimulation of cells with PDGF leads to increased expression of rnyc with a maximum after ...

Introduction: The advances in thyroid molecular biology studies provide not only insight into thyroid diseases but accurate diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Objective: Design a tutorial on protein molecular modeling of genetic markers for thyroid cancer. Methods: The proteins were selected using the Protein Data Bank sequence and the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) algorithm. The obtained...

Direct effects of oncogenic proteins or inhibitor treatments on signaling pathways are difficult to assess in transgenic mice. In this issue, Riemer et al. (2017. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201610058) demonstrate that oncogene-inducible organoids offer the experimental versatility of two-dimensional cell lines, while closely representing the in vivo situation.