Checklists are used in medical and nonmedical settings as cognitive aids to ensure that users complete all the items associated with a particular task. They are ideal for tasks with many steps, for tasks performed under stressful circumstances, or for reminding people to perform tasks that they are not routinely accustomed to doing. In medicine, they are ideal for promoting standardized process...

PURPOSE The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a widely employed tool for measuring clinical competence. In the drive toward comprehensive assessment, OSCE stations and checklists may become increasingly complex. The objective of this study was to probe inter-observer reliability and observer accuracy as a function of OSCE checklist length. METHOD Study participants included ...

test washback is generally defined as the influence of tests on teaching and learning process. inspired by messick’s consequential validity and shohamy’s critical language testing, this critical impact study explored the transformative or reproductive practices different stakeholders undertake in relation to the detrimental impacts of konkoor in iran. the participants were 60 efl teachers, a sa...

Decreasing qualitative aspects of residential environments is a real problem in recent public housing of Kerman. This article is concentrated on surveying the impact of in-between spaces on residential environments quality (REQ), to evaluate different kinds of it and to determine interrelation of two main components: residents individual characteristics and characteristics of in-between spaces....