Mitochondria contain their own DNA (mtDNA), which codes for 13 proteins (all subunits of the respiratory chain complexes), 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs. Several mtDNA point mutations as well as deletions have been shown to be causative in well-defined mitochondrial disorders. A mixture of mutated and wild type mtDNA (heteroplasmy) is found in most of these disorders. Inheritance of mtDNA is maternal, a...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most important industrial microorganism used to fuel ethanol production worldwide. Herein, we obtained a mutant S. strain with improved capacity for fermentation, from 13.72% (v/v wild-type strain) 16.13% strain), and analyzed its genomic structure gene expression changes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes (KEGG) enrichment revealed that changed genes were main...

The mitochondrial metabolism of 5-enoyl-CoAs, which are formed during the beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds extending from odd-numbered carbon atoms, was studied with mitochondrial extracts and purified enzymes of beta-oxidation. Metabolites were identified spectrophotometrically and by high performance liquid chromatography. 5-cis-Octenoyl-CoA, a putative metabolite o...

Simple trifunctional Ir(III) ppy-type asymmetric phosphorescent emitters with ambipolar character are reported, which afford highly efficient OLEDs.