An enduring theme in microbial ecology is the interdependence of microbial community members. Interactions between community members include provision of cofactors, establishment of redox gradients, and turnover of key nutrients to drive biogeochemical cycles. Pathways canonically conducted by isolated organisms in laboratory cultures are instead collective products of diverse and interchangeab...

Sodium chloride and other osmotically active molecules are often applied to microbial cultures or soils to describe microbial responses and adaptation to desiccation in soils. However, salts and other osmolytes may have different effects on microorganisms than matric deficits caused by soil drying. It was thus hypothesized that low matric and osmotic potentials would have different effects on s...

BACKGROUND Mixed microbial cultures, in which bacteria and fungi interact, have been proposed as an efficient way to deconstruct plant waste. The characterization of specific microbial consortia could be the starting point for novel biotechnological applications related to the efficient conversion of lignocellulose to cello-oligosaccharides, plastics and/or biofuels. Here, the diversity, compos...

the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-microbial resistance in intubated patients in intensive care unit (icu) of bahonar hospital in kerman province, iran during the year 2008. tracheal samples were obtained from 111 intubated patients in the icu by broncoalveolar lavage method. amikacin, ceftazidim and imipenem were used to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility. for de...

introduction: infective endocarditis is a rare, fatal ,with high morbidity in children, since infective endocarditis in children was not assessed in our conditions so our study was attempted.   material and methods: this cross-sectional  study  include 19 patients less than 18 years old  with endocarditis   were hospitalized in the department of pediatric cardiology( university of mashhad medic...

Among the innovative trends in the wine sector, the continuous exploration of enological properties associated with wine microbial resources represents a cornerstone driver of quality improvement. Since the advent of starter cultures technology, the attention has been focused on intraspecific biodiversity within the primary species responsible for alcoholic fermentation (Saccharomyces cerevisia...

In the present study, the microbial community and functional gene composition of a long-term active alkane-degrading methanogenic culture was established after two successive enrichment culture transfers and incubated for a total period of 1750 days. Molecular analysis was conducted after the second transfer (incubated for 750 days) for both the active alkanes-degrading methanogenic enrichment ...

In the past 10 years many molecular aspects of microbial nitrate reduction have been elucidated, but the ecophysiology of this process is hardly understood. In this contribution, our efforts to study the complex microbial communities and interactions involved in the reduction of nitrate to dinitrogen gas are summarized. The initial work concentrated on emission of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxi...

Some nitrate- and Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms are capable of oxidizing Fe(II) with nitrate as the electron acceptor. This enzymatic pathway may facilitate the development of anaerobic microbial communities that take advantage of the energy available during Fe-N redox oscillations. We examined this phenomenon in synthetic Fe(III) oxide (nanocrystalline goethite) suspensions inoculated with m...

Storage methods are important to preserve the viability and biochemical characteristics of microbial cultures between experiments or during periods when bioreactors are inactive. Most of the research on storage has focused on isolates; however, there is an increasing interest in methods for mixed cultures, which are of relevance in environmental biotechnology. The purpose of this study was to i...