For successfully maintaining pregnancy with embryo transfer or artificial insemination, female recipient mice must be induced into a pseudopregnant state. Female are traditionally paired overnight vasectomized males, and the following morning, presence of copulation plug is assessed. To increase efficiency producing females, cervical manipulation technique has been standardized to used in combi...

Abstract Paternal high-fat diet (HFD) can alter the epigenetics of sperm DNA, resulting in transmission obesity-related traits to offspring. Previous studies have mainly focused on HFD-induced changes DNA methylation imprinted genes, overlooking potential involvement non-imprinted genes this process. SETD2 , an important epigenetically-regulated gene known for its response environmental stress,...

Background: Fluoxetine (FLX) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors antidepressant. FLX affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression, panic, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Black Grape seed extract (BGSE) antioxidants neutralize free radicals and oxidative stress. Therefore this study was designed to investigate Protective effect of RGSE hydroa...

In polytocous animals, blastocysts are evenly distributed along each uterine horn and implant. The molecular mechanisms underlying these precise events remain elusive. We recently showed that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has critical roles in the establishment of early pregnancy by affecting embryo spacing and subsequent implantation through its receptor, LPA3. Targeted deletion of Lpa3 in mice ...

introduction: determination of best culture medium for fertilization and development of nmri mice. material and methods: development of fertilized mature oocytes of nmri mice was studied for five days in several culture media (ksom, t6, m16, czb, g1tm ver3 and g2tm ver3) following hormone therapy with pmsg and hcg. results: the rate of fertilization after 24 hours was 97.4% in ksom, 83.5% in t6...

Chromosomal abnormality is a leading cause of aging-related infertility, spontaneous abortion and congenital birth defects in humans. Karyotype analyses of spontaneously aborted human fetuses reveal high proportions (~50%) being chromosomal abnormal with the majority being trisomies of various chromosomes. As a model organism, mice are widely used for studies of reproduction and reproductive ag...

Background: Failed fertilization after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be due to a reduced oocyte-activation capacity caused by reduced concentrations and abnormal localization of the oocyte-activation factor phospholipase C (PLC) zeta. Patients with this condition can be helped to conceive by artificial activation of oocytes after ICSI with calcium ionophore (assisted oocyte activa...

The aim of this study was to examine the possible morphological and morphometric changes resulting from vitrification of embryos at the cleavage stage. In this study, 30 mice early-cleavage embryos at different stages of cleavage, resulting from in vitro fertilization (IVF) techniques, were examined before and after vitrification. Digital images were taken from embryos before and after vitrific...