BACKGROUND The midbody is a transient complex structure containing proteins involved in cytokinesis. Up to now, it has been described only in Metazoa. Other eukaryotes present a variety of structures implied in the last steps of cell division, such as the septum in fungi or the phragmoplast in plants. However, it is unclear whether these structures are homologous (derive from a common ancestral...

The posttranslational modification of proteins by the ubiquitination pathway is an important regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes. To date, however, studies on the evolutionary history of the proteins involved in this pathway have been restricted to E1 and E2 enzymes, whereas E3 studies have been focused mainly in metazoans and plants. To have a wider perspective, here we perform a genomic survey...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, brain edema, and hemorrhage are important consequences of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The objective of this study was to define the role of the protein C pathway in the BBB permeability and edema elicited by experimental CVST. The role of neutrophil recruitment was also evaluated. METHODS Edema, BBB permeabi...

in this study, activated sludge process for wastewater treatment in a refinery was investigated. for such purpose, a laboratory scale rig was built. the effect of several parameters such as temperature, residence time, effect of leca (filling-in percentage of the reactor by leca) and uv radiation on cod removal efficiency were experimentally examined. maximum cod removal efficiency was obtained...

The study aimed to assess the usefulness of mineral aggregates in orthophosphate (OP) removal from hypolimnetic water withdrawn eutrophic lakes. Two low-cost and easily available reactive materials were tested: lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) crushed limestone (LS). Their performance regarding OP effect on pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, N-NO3 N-NH4 concentrations treated investigated a column exper...