Epidermal integrity is essential for animal development and survival. Here, we demonstrate that TSP-15, a member of the tetraspanin protein family, is required for epithelial membrane integrity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Reduction of tsp-15 function by mutation or by RNA interference elicits abnormalities of the hypodermis, including dissociation of the cuticle and degeneration of the hypodermi...

Dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), a unique layer which is enriched with adipocytes, preadipocytes and adipocyte progenitors, indispensable for maintaining skin homeostasis regeneration during wound healing. However, the origin, developmental path cellular complexity plasticity of dWAT lineage cells remain poorly understood. Here, by single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analyses dermal cell populat...

By the 4-cell stage of C. elegans embryogenesis, a ventral blastomere, called EMS, is already committed to producing pharyngeal and intestinal cell types. Recessive, maternal-effect mutations in the gene skn-1 prevent EMS from producing both pharyngeal and intestinal cells. In skn-1 mutant embryos, EMS instead produces hypodermal cells and body wall muscle cells, much like its sister blastomere...

Nematodes belonging to the Heterakidae family are similar in appearance and their identification causes certain difficulties. For this reason, there is a need define new taxonomic characteristics. On other hand, despite fact that nematode Heterakis dispar Schrank, 1790, included same family, has wide distribution area, little information about ultrastructure of parasite. Research on reproductiv...

Strigolactones, first discovered as germination stimulants for parasitic weeds [1], are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that play major roles in inhibiting lateral bud outgrowth and promoting plant-mycorrhizal symbiosis [2-4]. Furthermore, strigolactones are involved in the regulation of lateral and adventitious root development, root cell division [5, 6], secondary growth [7], and leaf senesc...

Four major areas of the urogenital system of Echinopardalis atrata are examined: (1) capsular protonephridial system, (2) uterine bell complex, (3) uterus, (4) vagina. Photomicrographs of cross sections from wax preparations depict morphological changes along the length of this system. Diagrammatic illustrations show relationships between excretory ducts and oviducts in the uterine bell complex...

Studies on the anatomy of Piper leaves demonstrate the presence of a subepidermal tissue distinct from the adjacent epidermis, which cells show thin walls and hyaline contents. Some authors consider such cells a hypodermal tissue, while others refer to them as components of a multiple epidermis. In this study, the nature of this subepidermal tissue was investigated through the analysis of leaf ...