Firing during sensorimotor exam was used to categorize single neurons in the lateral striatum of awake, unrestrained rats. Five rats received unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle to deplete striatal dopamine (DA; >98% depletion, postmortem assay). Three months after treatment, rats exhibited exaggerated rotational behavior induced by L-dihydroxyphe...

The effect of unilateral intrapallidal cannabinoid receptor stimulation on rotational behavior in rats was explored. The potent cannabinoid agonist CP55,940 (5 microg/0.5 microl) induced ipsilateral turning when microinjected unilaterally into the globus pallidus. The D2 dopamine agonist quinpirole reversed this ipsilateral rotation but failed to affect motor behavior on its own. Finally, the D...

BACKGROUND Multi-factorial etiology exists in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. The imbalance of anti-oxidant enzymes and dopamine level leads to Parkinsonism. The objective of this study was to assess the protective effect of Spirulina fusiform alone and in combination with amantadine against Parkinsonism effect in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced rat model. METHODS S. fusifor...

BACKGROUND Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach.) W. Wright (Fabaceae) is a traditional herb largely used in the African traditional medicine as analgesic, purgative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and memory-enhancer drug. This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the possible cognitive-enhancing and antioxidative effects of the aqueous extract of A. adianthifolia leaves in the ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of DT-diaphorase inhibition to in vivo neurodegenerative effects of dopamine (DA) oxidation to the corresponding o-quinones. The neurotoxicity to nigrostriatal DA neurons was induced by injection of manganese pyrophosphate (Mn(3+)) complex as a prooxidizing agent alone or together with the DT-diaphorase inhibitor dicumarol into the righ...

In this paper, we analyze and demonstrate a novel rotational energy harvesting generator using gravitational torque. The electro-mechanical behavior of the generator is presented, alongside experimental results from an implementation based on a conventional DC motor. The off-axis performance is also modeled. Designs for adaptive power processing circuitry for optimal power harvesting are presen...

Escherichia coli cells swim toward a favorable environment by chemotaxis. The chemotaxis system regulates the swimming behavior of the bacteria by controlling the rotational direction of their flagellar motors. Extracellular stimuli sensed by chemoreceptors are transduced to an intracellular signal molecule, phosphorylated CheY (CheY-P), that switches the rotational direction of the flagellar m...

Some anesthetic agents administered during general anesthesia can cause heart rhythm disorders, mainly associated with autonomic imbalance. Off-target cardiac sodium channel blockade is considered the canonical mechanism behind cardiotoxicity. Lidocaine, most common local anesthetic, produces a transient loss of sensory, motor, and function when drug injected or applied close to neural tissues;...

objective(s): the main characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) is their ability to produce other cell types. electromagnetic field (emf) stimulates differentiation of mscs into other cells. in this study, we investigated whether emf can effect on the differentiation of mscs into dopaminergic (da) neurons. materials and methods: an emf with a frequency of 50 hz and two intensities of 40 ...

Intrastriatal injection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) results in improved motor behavior of hemiparkinsonian (hemi-PD) rats, an animal model for Parkinson's disease. The caudate-putamen (CPu), as the main input nucleus of the basal ganglia loop, is fundamentally involved in motor function and directly interacts with the dopaminergic system. To determine receptor-mediated explanations for t...