Healthcare units consist of numerous people circulating daily, such as workers, patients, and companions, these are vehicles for the transmission microorganisms, bacteria. Bacteria species may have different allergenic, pathogenic, infectious, or toxic properties that can affect humans. Hospital settings foment proliferation bacteria due to characteristics present in indoor hospital environment...

BACKGROUND Studies have consistently shown that copper alloyed surfaces decrease the burden of microorganisms in health care environments. This study assessed whether copper alloy surfaces decreased hospital-associated infections in pediatric intensive and intermediate care units. METHODS Admitted infants were assigned sequentially to a room furnished with or without a limited number of coppe...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews the evidence demonstrating the importance of contamination of hospital surfaces in the transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens and interventions scientifically demonstrated to reduce the levels of microbial contamination and decrease healthcare-associated infections. RECENT FINDINGS The contaminated surface environment in hospitals plays an impor...

OBJECTIVES Mycological contamination of occupational environments can be a result of fungal spores' dispersion in the air and on surfaces. Therefore, it is very important to assess it in both types of the samples. In the present study we assessed fungal contamination in the air and in the surface samples to show relevance of surfaces sampling in complementing the results obtained in the air sam...

The quadrics are all surfaces that can be expressed as a second degree polynomialin x, y and z. We study the Gauss map G of quadric surfaces in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space R^3 with respect to the so called L_1 operator ( Cheng-Yau operator □) acting on the smooth functions defined on the surfaces. For any smooth functions f defined on the surfaces, L_f=tr(P_1o hessf), where P_1 is t...

Objective(s): The nosocomial infections by Aspergillus species are associated with constructions and increased dust loads in hospital indoors. Our main object was to find the environmental sources of Aspergillus species causing hospital acquired infections. Materials and Methods: The clinical and environmental samplings were performed during 18 months from spring 2010 to summer 2011 in Imam ed...

There is a large body of literature regarding influenza contamination of, transmission by, and elimination from – materials and surfaces. Publications may focus on specific situations or interventions, but the information may be applicable to other situations. Scenarios include hospital surfaces, equipment, and materials (e.g., pajamas) (Jeong et al., 2010), food and food preparation surfaces (...