It is important to know the effects of the inclination of a slope on the activity of each muscle, because training by running on a sloped track is commonly used for Thoroughbred racehorses. The effects of incline (from -6 to +6%) on the forelimbs and hind limbs during walking and trotting on a treadmill were evaluated by an integrated electromyogram (iEMG). The muscle activities in the forelimb...

BACKGROUND: Animal breeds are often recognized through their specific characteristics, nevertheless, the breeds' anatomical and biochemical characteristics have not considered yet in many of the researches done on one-humped camels. There are some particular differences in camel breeds due to different climate conditions and rearing necessity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to com...

OBJECTIVE The redox enzyme p66Shc produces hydrogen peroxide and triggers proapoptotic signals. Genetic deletion of p66Shc prolongs life span and protects against oxidative stress. In the present study, we evaluated the role of p66Shc in an animal model of diabetic wound healing. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Skin wounds were created in wild-type (WT) and p66Shc(-/-) control and streptozotocin-...

1. The over-all and regional metabolism of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was studied using a combination of isotopic and arteriovenous-difference techniques. 2. There was a common linear relationship, whether stearic, palmitic or oleic acids were used as tracer, between the arterial NEFA concentration and the rates of entry and oxidation. 3. Assuming that the tracer used reflected the metab...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE An animal spinal tumor model is needed to better simulate the clinical situation and to allow percutaneous puncture, which may provide an experimental platform for the new nonvascular interventional therapies. We established a rabbit spinal tumor model through a CT-guided percutaneous puncture inoculation technique for nonvascular interventional therapy. MATERIALS AND M...

in this study the anticonvulsant effect of two dihydropyridine derivatives [diethyl -1,4- dihydro -2,6- dimethyl -4-(4- fluoro benzyl-2- methylthio -5- imidazolyl)-3,5- pyridine dicarboxilat ( a ) and diethyl -1,4- dihydro -2,6- diethyl -4-(4- fluoro benzyl-2- methylthio -5- imidazolyl)-3,5- pyridine dicarboxilat ( b )] by pentylenetetrazole (ptz) and electroshock in mice was evaluated. the lat...

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of high voltage stimulation (HVS) on blood flow velocity (BFV) in the rat hind limb. A 20-MHz pulsed Doppler device was used to measure BFV changes in the femoral artery of 20 anesthetized rats after electrical stimulation. The animals were stimulated under the following conditions: four different pulse rates, changes in stimulus voltage, and cha...

Single unit recordings in awake, unrestrained rats confirmed and extended previous findings regarding the functional organization of the lateral striatum. In individual electrode tracks, clusters of neurons related functionally to an individual body part were interspersed with clusters related to other body parts. The overlapping distributions of these neurons were arranged somatotopically in t...

UNLABELLED The study of neuropathic pain has focused on changes within the nervous system, but little research has described systemic changes that may accompany neuropathic pain. OBJECTIVE As part of a larger project characterizing the metabolic, activity, and musculoskeletal changes associated with neuropathic pain, the objective of the current study was to characterize changes in spontaneou...

Strigiformes are an order of raptorial birds consisting exclusively of owls: the Tytonidae (barn owls) and the Strigidae (true owls), united by a suite of adaptations aiding a keen predatory lifestyle, including robust hind limb elements modified for grip strength. To assess variation in hind limb morphology, we analysed how the dimensions of the major hind limb elements in subfossil and modern...