The rate of comorbidities not related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among HIV-infected patients may be higher than expected. We assessed the incidence of comorbidities not related to HIV infection or AIDS by CD4 cell count and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use status in an HIV clinical practice. A total of 2824 patien...

OBJECTIVE To compare the benefits of tuberculosis (TB) treatment with TB and HIV prevention for the control of TB in regions with high HIV prevalence. DESIGN AND METHODS A compartmental difference equation model of TB and HIV has been developed and fitted to time series and other published data using Bayesian methods. The model is used to compare the effectiveness of TB chemotherapy with thre...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prevention of the mother to child transmission (PMTCT) program in Benin City, Nigeria on the prevalence of postnatal infant HIV. Effects of the duration of PMTCT, place of birth and sex of the infants on the prevalence of postnatal HIV were also assessed. Dried blood spots were collected from 318 infants (6−8 weeks old) born to HIV-positive m...

Drug interactions between rifamycins and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have raised concerns in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with tuberculosis. We conducted a study of this interaction by measuring serum drug levels of all HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis who were admitted to A. G. Holley State Tuberculosis Hospital (Florida) from Oc...

BACKGROUND The wide use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to an impressive improvement in AIDS survival after the mid-1990s in cities and countries with a high access to these medications. Notwithstanding its beneficial overall effect, antiretroviral therapy was also reported as a factor for the increase in socioeconomic inequalities in health, because AIDS patients have unequal a...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions of married men about barriers to accessing and accepting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) by pregnant/postnatal women positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and registered in Kabarole District's Program for the Prevention of HIV from Mother to Child (PMTCT-Plus). MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study was a qualita...

In a recent paper, Borrell et al. document the change in AIDS mortality following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Spain. Because access to HAART is free under Spain’s National Health Service, the authors hypothesized that the introduction of HAART would narrow existing socioeconomic (SES) inequalities in AIDS mortality. They compare the ratio of age-adjusted ...

We assessed the IgG levels anti-diphtheria (D-Ab) and T cell counts (CD4+ and CD8+) in HIV-1 infected subjects undergoing or not highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Approximately 70% of all HIV-1 patients were unprotected against diphtheria. There were no differences in D-Ab according to CD4 counts. Untreated patients had higher D-Ab (geometric mean of 0.62 IU/ml) than HAART-patients ...

The effectiveness of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) continues to improve as treatment choices expand with the development of new antiretroviral agents and regimens. However, the successful long-term treatment of HIV/AIDS is under threat from the emergence of drug-resistant strains to multiple agents and entire drug classes.

We developed a mathematical model using a multiple source of infection framework to assess the potential effect of the expansion of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) coverage among those in medical need on the number of individuals testing newly positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and on related costs in British Columbia, Canada, over the next 25 years. The model was cali...