malignant histiocytosis (mh) is a rare hematologic malignancy, especially in the first decade of life. the disease is clinically characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia and jaundice, and histologically by systemic proliferation of malignant histiocytes and hemophagocytosis. the prognosis is poor and often the diagnosis is not made before death. because of the r...

An 18-month-old boy presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, pancytopenia, hyperferritinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and evidence of hemophagocytosis and trilineage myelodysplasia in the bone marrow aspiration. Appropriate treatment was begun but he died after 12 hours of hospitalization due to Gram-negative septicemia. Post-mortem examination of liver biopsy revealed diffuse hemaphago...

Plasmodium falciparum is known for complications with a very high mortality. We report three cases in children of the same family, two of them developed ARDS, one of them died, the third child developed hemophagocytosis and one of them also had transient myocarditis, all unusual complications of falciparum malaria.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis--which is associated with a variety of infections, malignant neoplasms, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies--is an uncommon syndrome with a rapidly fatal outcome. We describe the first case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome due to Hantaan virus presenting with reactive hemophagocytosis.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is the uncontrolled reaction of the immune system against a triggering pathogen and inability of the immune system to elliminate this triggering factor, which ends up with hypercytokinemia and hemophagocytosis. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is classified into two major groups as genetic (primary) and acquired (secondary). The condition has high mort...

The macrophage activation syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal complication of patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This is a clinicopathological entity characterized by activation of histiocytes with prominent hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow and other reticuloendothelial systems. In patients with lupus it may mimic an exacerbation of the disease or infection. We report the case...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare condition characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and cytopenia, and widespread accumulation of lymphocytes and histiocytes, sometimes with hemophagocytosis, primarily involving the spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and liver. HLH can either occur sporadically (secondary HLH) or as part of a familial syndrome (primary HLH), including famili...