Considering the scattering of massless open strings attached to a D2-brane living in the B field background, we show that corresponding scattering upto the order of α ′2 is exactly given by the gauge theory on noncommutative background, which is characterized by the Moyal bracket. 1 Introduction After the novel work of Witten [1], it was realized that the low energy dynamics of open

To improve the accuracy of bracket placement in vivo, a protocol and device were introduced, which consisted operative procedures for accurate control, computer-aided design, an augmented reality–assisted navigation system. The present study evaluated this protocol. Methods: Thirty-one incisor teeth tested from four participators. bonded by novice expert orthodontists. Compared with control gro...

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to utilise global-positioning system (GPS) technology to understand the physical demands of youth international field hockey. Methods: Sixteen male field hockey players (age 17.1 ± 0.6 y, stature 165 ± 11 cm, body mass 63.3 ± 6.6 kg, estimated VO2max, 52.6 ± 5.3 ml/kg/min) were investigated while competing in 6 matches at the 2011 Boy’s Under-18 Asia Cup...

Basic features of the conservation laws in the Hamiltonian approach to the Poincaré gauge theory are presented. It is shown that the Hamiltonian is given as a linear combination of ten first class constraints. The Poisson bracket algebra of these constraints is used to construct the gauge generators. By assuming that the asymprotic symmetry is the global Poincaré symmetry, we derived the improv...

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) makes use of the undifferenced pseudorange and carrier phase measurements with ionospheric-free (IF) combinations to achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy. Conventionally, the IF ambiguities are estimated as float values. To improve the PPP positioning accuracy and shorten the convergence time, the integer phase clock model with between-satellites single-...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. We present the details of the recently constructed E 6ð6Þ-covariant extension of 11-dimensional supergravity. This ...

For large-grained samples it is advantageous to perform pairs of neutron diffraction measurements at the same spatial location but rotated 180° around the geometric centre of the gauge volume as a means of minimizing the scatter coming from the random positioning of grains within the gauge volume.

background central venous catheterization is done frequently in cardiac surgery and intensive care settings. faulty positioning of the catheter can cause many complications. objectives the aim of our study was to study the average depth of insertion and formulate a general guideline through the right internal jugular vein (ijv). patients and methods the right ijv was cannulated over a period of...