The Treponema pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA) test, the latest to be developed in the group of specific tests for syphilis, has been described by Tomizawa and Kasamatsu (1966), Rathlev (1967), Tomizawa, Kasamatsu, and Yamaya (1969), and Tringali (1970.) An automated microhaemagglutination technique, the AMHA-Tp test, has been evaluated by Cox, Logan, and Norins (1969) and Logan and Cox (1970)...

Background: Nosocomial infections are frequently caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. The great majority of antibiotics no longer effective against K. goal this study was to see if there a link between antibiotic resistance and the ability produce biofilms in pneumoniae strains isolated from UTI patients Iraq. Methods: A total 85 non-duplicate clinical samples urine, blood, sputum, wound swabs, Cat...

Specimens of urethal discharge and scrapings of the urethra from 45 men with non-gonococcal urethritis have been studied for virus content. Human amnion and monkey kidney cell cultures were inoculated. Various temperatures of incubation were used. Specimens were also inoculated into the yolk sac of seven-day fertile eggs. No cytopathic changes were detected in any specimen examined after direct...

In the current outbreak, dengue type 1 has been identified in several cases. Initial interpretations of antibody levels (ie. haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres) suggested that dengue types 3 and 4 were causing the current outbreak. Since then, however, more sensitive tests (nucleic acid amplification and virus isolation) have identified only type 1 dengue in the samples, although not ...

The non-immunoglobulin component of human milk responsible for the inhibition of Escherichia coli cell adhesion (haemagglutination) mediated by colonisation factor antigen 1 (CFA1) was determined by chromatographic fractionation of human whey proteins with Sephadex G-200, DEAE cellulose and heparin-sepharose. Pure free secretory component (fSC) and pure lactoferrin (Lf) were isolated and both c...

Similar antibodies are produced in the serum of patients infected with the pathogenic treponemes T. pallidum and T. pertenue, and for this reason sera from persons with syphilis or yaws react similarly in the conventional tests for syphilis and in the Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTAABS) tests. In the TPI and FTA-ABS tests T. pallidum i...

The introduction of the treponemal immobilization (TPI) test by Nelson and Mayer (1949) provided the first verification test for syphilis which proved fully acceptable to the clinician. After 20 years it is still accepted by a large body of opinion as the verification test of choice for the diagnosis of latent and late syphilis. The test's characteristic of becoming positive towards the end of ...