Anaerobic exercise has been advocated as a prescribed treatment for the management of diabetes: however, alterations in exercise-induced signaling remain largely unexplored in the diabetic muscle. Here, we compare the basal and the in situ contraction-induced phosphorylation of the AMPK, GSK3beta, and Shp2 in the lean and obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle following a single...

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is implicated in multiple biological processes including metabolism, gene expression, cell fate determination, proliferation, and survival. GSK-3 activity is inhibited through phosphorylation of serine 21 in GSK-3 alpha and serine 9 in GSK-3 beta. These serine residues of GSK-3 have been previously identified as targets of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), a serine/...

The hypothesis that amyloid pathology precedes and induces the tau pathology of Alzheimer's disease is experimentally supported here through the identification of GSK-3 isozymes as a major link in the signaling pathway from amyloid to tau pathology. This study compares two novel bigenic mouse models: APP-V717I x Tau-P301L mice with combined amyloid and tau pathology and GSK-3beta x Tau-P301L mi...

Axon-dendrite polarity is a cardinal feature of neuronal morphology essential for information flow. Here we report a differential distribution of GSK-3beta activity in the axon versus the dendrites. A constitutively active GSK-3beta mutant inhibited axon formation, whereas multiple axons formed from a single neuron when GSK-3beta activity was reduced by pharmacological inhibitors, a peptide inh...

To explore the effects of jatrorrhizine on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion breast cancer cells via regulation Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Breast cell line MDA-MB-468 was treated with varying concentrations then apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting performed to test protein expression Wnt/beta-catenin The 0 μM jatrorrhizine, 5 showed significant down-...

Asymmetric body axis formation is central to metazoan development. Dictyostelium establishes an anterior/posterior axis utilizing seven-transmembrane cAMP morphogen receptors (CARs) and GSK3-mediated signal transductions that has a parallel with metazoan Wnt/Frizzled-GSK3 pathways. In Dictyostelium, GSK3 promotes posterior cell patterning but inhibits anterior cell differentiation. Tyrosine kin...

AP-1, an immediate-early transcription factor comprising heterodimers of the Fos and Jun proteins, has been shown in several animal models, including Drosophila, to control neuronal development and plasticity. In spite of this important role, very little is known about additional proteins that regulate, cooperate with, or are downstream targets of AP-1 in neurons. Here, we outline results from ...

We examined the role for the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in acute opioid-induced cardioprotection (OIC) and whether opioid-induced glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3 beta) inhibition is mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway. Rats underwent 30 min of ischemia and either 5 min or 2 h of reperfusion, followed by tissue isolation for molecular analysis or infarct size assessment, respectively. Rats we...

Galectin-3 (gal-3), a member of the beta-galactoside-binding proteins family, was identified as a binding partner of beta-catenin. Analysis of the human gal-3 sequence reveled a structural similarity to beta-catenin as it also contains the consensus sequence (S92XXXS96) for glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) phosphorylation and can serve as its substrate. In addition, Axin, a regulator ...