Australia experiences a variety of climate extremes that result in loss life and economic environmental damage. This paper provides first evaluation the performance state-of-the-art Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) global models (GCMs) simulating over Australia. Here, we evaluate how well 37 individual CMIP6 GCMs simulate spatiotemporal patterns 12 by comparing against grid...

The linkage between El Ni~ no–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) through the stratospheric pathway is examined using a global coupled climate model [GFDL Climate Model version 3 (CM3)], with increased vertical resolution and extent in the stratosphere as compared to an earlier model [GFDL Climate Model version 2 (CM2)]. It is demonstrated that the relationship betw...