Regioselective syntheses of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles were accomplished by three different strategies, relying on (i) the interception of stoichiometrically formed 5-cuprated-1,2,3-triazoles, (ii) the use of stoichiometrically functionalized alkynes or (iii) catalytic C-H bond functionalizations. This perspective article summarizes progress in this research area until June 2010.

In an ultracold mixture of two different Fermi species of atoms, Cooper pairs can be formed between two different atoms. The masses of one atom and its partner in this kind of Cooper pairs may differ by order of magnitude. In this system, each species of atoms are in the same atomic spin state and two species have the same atomic densities. The pairing gap diminishes if two species have differe...

The purpose of this study was to examine the appropriateness of a nationwide quality assurance framework for e-learning from participants’ perspectives. Two types of quality evaluation programs were examined in this study, including the e-Learning Service Certification program (eLSC) and the e-Learning Courseware Certification program (eLCC). Gap analysis and the innovation attributes were empl...

This paper examined the role of microcredit in women empowerment though financial inclusion. A survey was conducted among the low profile unprivileged rural women living in southwestern part of Bangladesh. Data were collected on the usage and effectiveness of microcredit and analyzed using STATA 11. Multiple regression and descriptive statistics were used to interpret data. The study found that...

Few attempts have been made to analyze the status of conservation efforts at a continental scale, mainly because of the lack of high-quality data sets at this scale. Given that land management agencies want to prioritize conservation efforts and spend limited resources wisely, we recognized the need to undertake a national gap analysis. We developed the most detailed national vegetation cover m...

Long-term MODIS vegetation index records were used to extract regularly-repeating seasonal and interannual greenness cycles in Hawaiian ecosystems using harmonic analysis. With two vegetation indices, NDVI and EVI, the MODIS system provided an opportunity to combine the two measures and create a hybrid approach to the leaf phenology study in a diversity of Hawaiian ecosystems. Despite data nois...

polyvinylidene fluoride/polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvdf/pvp) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by dry-jet wet-spinning process. the correlated effects of the air gap length and pvp concentration ((1) the air gap length effect at the low and high pvp concentration in the dope solutions, as well as (2) the effect of the pvp concentration at the same air gap length) on the cross-section structure ...